A high‐fat plus fructose diet produces a vascular prostanoid alterations in the rat

Abstract

In the rat, a high-fat (HF) plus fructose (F) diet produces cardiovascular and metabolic alterations that resemble human metabolic syndrome. Prostanoids (PR), cyclo-oxygenase-derived arachidonic acid metabolites, have vasoactive properties and mediate inflammation. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of a HF+F diet on blood pressure (BP), metabolic parameters and mesenteric vascular bed PR production in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups were studied over 9 weeks (n = 6 each): control (C), standard diet (SD) and tap water to drink; F+SD and 10% w/v F solution to drink; HF 50% (w/w) bovine fat added to SD and tap water; and HFF, both treatments. PR were determined by HPLC. Blood pressure was elevated in all experimental groups. Triglyceridaemia, insulinaemia and HOMA-IR were increased in the F and HF groups. HF+F animals showed elevated glycaemia, insulinaemia, HOMA-IR and triglyceridaemia. F decreased the vasodilator prostanoids PGI2 and PGE2 in the mesenteric vascular bed. Body weight was not significantly altered. In HFF, production of PGE2 , PGF2 alpha and TXB2 was elevated. The increased BP in HF and HFF could be partly attributed to the imbalance in vascular PR production towards vasoconstrictors. On the other hand, this dietary modification could induce inflammation, which would explain the elevation of PGE2 . In the F group, hypertension could be related to decreased vasodilator PRs. The simultaneous administration of HF and F in the rat produces deleterious effects greater than observed when treatments are applied separately.

An In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of the Effects of Caloric and Non-Caloric Sweeteners on Liver Lipid Metabolism in Rats

“…The increased total energy intake in both sugar groups did, however, not lead to a greater gain in body weight compared with the animals receiving normal drinking water or the aspartame solution. This is in agreement with previous studies administering 10% fructose and/or glucose solutions to rats [18,41,42,43] and may be explained by the lower dietary quality of their diets (less protein, micronutrients, fiber, and trace elements) as a result of a lower intake of pelleted chow. Because body weight is not always a good indicator of adiposity, especially in animals, analysis of the body composition by determination of fat pad mass is preferred [44].…”

Effects of chronic fructose overload on renal dopaminergic system: alteration of urinary L-dopa/dopamine index correlates to hypertension and precedes kidney structural damage

“…Estos resultados coinciden con los obtenidos en diversos estudios en los cuales una dieta elevada en fructosa se postula como modelo de IR, con niveles incrementados de insulinemia (Abdulla y col., 2011;Wong y col., 2016). En este sentido, Peredo y colaboradores demostraron la existencia de un incremento significativo en los niveles de insulinemia así como de HOMA-IR en ratas Sprague-Dawley recibiendo una dieta elevada en fructosa durante 8 semanas (Peredo y col., 2015). Diversos mecanismos permiten explicar el desarrollo de IR en este modelo, los que incluyen alteraciones a nivel del receptor así como de las vías de señalización de la insulina, la existencia de dislipemia y depósito ectópico de lípidos, incremento en los niveles plasmáticos de ácido úrico y estimulación del SNS y SRAA, así como desarrollo de estrés oxidativo e inflamación crónica de bajo grado (Abdulla y col., 2011).…”

Fructose Beverage Consumption Induces a Metabolic Syndrome Phenotype in the Rat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Fructose feeding is an established experimental model for inducing the metabolic syndrome in rats [ 10 , 11 ]; however, studies vary significantly in fructose delivery and the administered concentration. The concentration of fructose administered as a component of chow itself is generally supraphysiological and ranges between 60%–70% w / w or 0.6–0.7 g/g chow [ 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], whereas the concentration of fructose beverages can often vary anywhere between 10%–30% w / v or 0.1–0.3 g fructose/mL water [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Despite the reported effects on metabolic health, studies investigating the effect of high concentrations of fructose in chow or as a beverage report no effect of fructose consumption on rodent body weight [ 10 , 12 , 46 , 47 ], while others report an increase in body weight [ 22 , 23 , 27 , 29 , ...…”