A high‐gain and low cross‐polarized printed fractal antenna for X‐band wireless application

Abstract

This paper presents a newly introduced fractal microstrip patch antenna for X-band wireless application. The proposed fractal printed antenna possesses a fourfold centrosymmetric structure and gives considerably high gain with relatively low cross-polarization along the entire half-power beamwidth (HPBW) region of its radiation pattern. The proposed structure has been derived through selectively etching intersection parts between 4 symmetric lens and 13 circle geometries. In order to resonate the structure as well as to reduce the cross-polarization, three diagonal slots have been etched from its ground plane. The fabricated prototype resonates at 8.49 GHz and gives a gain and impedance bandwidth of 6.98 dBi and 494 MHz, respectively. The measured cross-polarization of the antenna along the direction of the main beam is −34.28 dB. The measured radiation efficiency and the computed aperture efficiency of the prototype are 91.96% and 78.25%, respectively. The fabricated prototype shows a very good agreement between its simulated and measured results and hence is a suitable candidate for X-band-related wireless applications.

A circular monopole antenna for bandwidth enhancement using cylinder slots with triple band notch characteristics

“…The combination of cylinder slots coupled with the rectangular feed line can affect in antenna polarization. [19][20][21][22] With this, the enhanced wideband impedance matching would be obtained for a circular patch antenna.…”

“…A high‐frequency band can be extended by using the ring slot instead of the circular patch over the less lossy material, this could be used to insert the perfect wavelength to create a little area of structure. The combination of cylinder slots coupled with the rectangular feed line can affect in antenna polarization 19–22 . With this, the enhanced wideband impedance matching would be obtained for a circular patch antenna.…”

A highly directive array of nature‐inspired based patch antennas

“…Panda et al 26 proposed a bow‐tie‐shaped wideband antenna for wireless applications. A concave L‐shaped flap‐oriented coplanar antenna for multi‐band applications is proposed by Bag et al 27 Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based hexagonal‐shaped antenna is reported by Liu et al 28 A high‐gain spiral‐shaped printed antenna has been proposed for direct broadcast satellite applications by Kola et al 29 An open‐ended SIW‐based U‐shaped antenna for Ku‐band applications is proposed by Ameen et al 30 The wireless application based high‐gain printed antenna is reported by Kola et al 31 Wang et al 32 claimed that the developed U‐slot inside the radiator helps to enhance the parametric results in terms of directivity and return‐loss bandwidth. A four‐element antenna array could improve parametric results as reported in several literature 33–44 …”

Design of highly‐directive Night‐flowering Jasmine‐shaped printed radiator based array for Ku‐band applications†

“…A substrate integrated waveguide(SIW) based triangular slotted broadband antenna for Ku-band application is reported by Kumar et al 18 To achieve enhanced bandwidth, a SIW based multi-resonating slotted cavity-backed Ku-band antenna was proposed by Kumar et al 19 A circle and an inverted L-shaped strip based monopole antenna multi-band applications is proclaimed by Bag et al 20 A spiral-based highly-directive printed antenna for satellite application is narrated by Kola et al 21 Author also proposed a highly directive and shallow x-polarized fractal antenna for wireless applications. 22 To achieve more improved parametric results for Ku-band applications, 4-element antenna arrays are reported in several literatures. In literature, 23 Wang et al proposed an array of U-slotted printed antennas which offers an improved gain and enhanced impedance bandwidth responses at desired frequency.…”