A High-Morbidity Outbreak of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Players on a College Football Team, Facilitated by Cosmetic Body Shaving and Turf Burns

Begier, Elizabeth; Frenette, Kasia; Barrett, Nancy L.; Mshar, Pat; Petit, Susan; Boxrud, Dave; Watkins-Colwell, Kellie; Wheeler, Sheila Quilter; Cebelinski, Elizabeth; Glennen, Anita; Nguyen, Dao M.; Hadler, James L.

doi:10.1086/425313

Cited by 292 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[254][255][256][257][258] In addition, outbreaks of MRSA skin and soft-tissue infections have been reported among members of sports teams. 255,[259][260][261][262][263][264][265][266][267] However, to our knowledge there are no reports of transmission of MRSA from a person with CF on a sports team to another athlete without CF or vice versa. Thus, there are no data to support exclusion of an individual with CF with MRSA in their respiratory tract from participation in sports.…”

Section: Iiib2 S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update

Saiman

Siegel

LiPuma

et al. 2014

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

352

382

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The 2013 Infection Prevention and Control (IP&C) Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) was commissioned by the CF Foundation as an update of the 2003 Infection Control Guideline for CF. During the past decade, new knowledge and new challenges provided the following rationale to develop updated IP&C strategies for this unique population:1. The need to integrate relevant recommendations from evidence-based guidelines published since 2003 into IP&C practices for CF. These included guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and key professional societies, including the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). During the past decade, new evidence has led to a renewed emphasis on source containment of potential pathogens and the role played by the contaminated healthcare environment in the transmission of infectious agents. Furthermore, an increased understanding of the importance of the application of implementation science, monitoring adherence, and feedback principles has been shown to increase the effectiveness of IP&C guideline recommendations.2. Experience with emerging pathogens in the non-CF population has expanded our understanding of droplet transmission of respiratory pathogens and can inform IP&C strategies for CF. These pathogens include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the 2009 influenza A H1N1. Lessons learned about preventing transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens in non-CF patient populations also can inform IP&C strategies for CF.

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Section: Iiib2 S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update

Saiman

Siegel

LiPuma

et al. 2014

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

352

382

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Whereas dissimilar outcomes from different investigators analyzing the contribution of PVL to virulence in experimental settings can be attributed to the use of different S. aureus strains and different infection systems for analysis of virulence, as well as different mouse strains, key factors related to human infections have not been incorporated into these previous evaluations. Regarding SSTIs, many infections likely contain particulate matter introduced into the site of infection, essentially introducing a "foreign body," which is well known to enhance the virulence of S. aureus (13,14). In addition, most humans, but not laboratory mice, have naturally acquired antibodies reactive with PVL (15), which could neutralize either its toxic or proinflammatory effects, in either case having a possibly profound effect on the course of infection with PVL-producing S. aureus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody-mediated enhancement of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection

Yoong

Pier

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Community-acquired infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) expressing the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) are rampant, but the contribution of PVL to bacterial virulence remains controversial. While PVL is usually viewed as a cytotoxin, at sublytic amounts it activates protective innate immune responses. A leukotoxic effect might predominate in high inoculum studies, whereas protective proinflammatory properties might predominate in settings with lower bacterial inocula that more closely mimic what initially occurs in humans. However, these protective effects might possibly be neutralized by antibodies to PVL, which are found in normal human sera and at increased levels following PVL + S. aureus infections. In a low-inoculum murine skin abscess model including a foreign body at the infection site, strains deleted for the pvl genes replicated more efficiently within abscesses than isogenic PVL + strains. Coinfection of mice at separate sites with isogenic PVL + and PVL -MRSA abrogated the differences in bacterial burdens, indicating a systemic effect on host innate immunity from production of PVL. Mice given antibody to PVL and then infected with seven different PVL + strains also had significantly higher bacterial counts in abscesses compared with mice given nonimmune serum. Antibody to PVL had no effect on MRSA strains that did not produce PVL. In vitro, antibody to PVL incapacitated PVL-mediated activation of PMNs, indicating that virulence of PVL + MRSA is enhanced by the interference of PVL-activated innate immune responses. Given the high rates of primary and recurring MRSA infections in humans, it appears that antibodies to PVL might contribute to host susceptibility to infection.bacterial pathogenesis | immunity | Panton-Valentine leukocidin | MRSA

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“…It is sometimes involved in outbreaks (in the above referred ten years, 2 were reported to the CDC WBDOSS team), but it is rather infrequent. Growing concern is attributed to emerging methicillin resistant strains [111]. Density of coagulase positive staphylococci in water have been proposed as an indicator with relevance for both the bather load and the effective disinfection [112].…”

Section: Biofilm Related Conditions Not Coupled With a Specific Micromentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk of contracting infectious diseases in public swimming pools. A review

Barna

Kádár

2012

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanità

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Summary.A review of pathogenic microorganisms presenting risk of infection in pool based artificial recreational water venues is extracted from the available scientific literature. The microorganisms are grouped both according to their way of spread and their survival and growth strategies and their characteristics relevant for the pool and spa based recreation are discussed. In order to put the proposed risks on a solid basis, among others a ten year excerpt of the waterborne disease statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is used throughout the article.Key words: man-made water recreational environment, risk of infection, waterborne disease outbreaks, swimming pool, hot tub.Riassunto (Il rischio di contrarre malattie infettive nelle piscine pubbliche. Una rassegna). Viene presentata una sintesi della letteratura scientifica disponibile sui microorganismi patogeni potenzialmente infettivi, in ambienti acquatici ricreativi artificiali, come le piscine. I microorganismi sono raggruppati sia in base alle loro vie di diffusione che in base alle loro strategie di sopravvivenza e di crescita; successivamente vengono discusse le loro caratteristiche più importanti negli ambienti ricreativi considerati, piscine e terme. Per fornire adeguate e solide basi scientifiche ai tipi di rischi presentati, vengono analizzate, oltre ad altri documenti, le statistiche relative a dieci anni di osservazione di malattie legate all'acqua del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Parole chiave: ambienti ricreativi acquatici artificiali, rischio di infezione, epidemie di malattie legate all'acqua, piscine, vasche da idromassaggio.

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A High-Morbidity Outbreak of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Players on a College Football Team, Facilitated by Cosmetic Body Shaving and Turf Burns

Cited by 292 publications

References 22 publications

Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update

Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update

Antibody-mediated enhancement of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection

The risk of contracting infectious diseases in public swimming pools. A review

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