A High-Performance Rechargeable Mg2+/Li+ Hybrid Battery Using One-Dimensional Mesoporous TiO2(B) Nanoflakes as the Cathode

Su, Shuojian; Nuli, Yanna; Huang, Zhenguo; Miao, Qi; Yang, Jun; Wang, Jiulin

doi:10.1021/acsami.6b00106

Cited by 83 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Considering that the redox potential of Mg 2+ /Mg is 0.67 V higher than that of Li + /Li, the voltage window of LIB was limited between 0. used in the MRB and MLIB. [29] It can be seen from Figure S4a (Supporting Information) that the GF hardly delivered any capacity in the MRB, indicating GF is almost electrochemically inactive toward Mg 2+ . Figure S4b (Supporting Information) shows that the capacity of the GF electrode in the LIB cell was below 20 mA h g −1 , much lower than that of graphite.…”

Section: Electrode Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS₂/Graphene Cathode

Fan

Gaddam

Kumar

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

169

104

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kinetics of Mg 2+ in cathode materials due to the strong electrostatic interactions, thus limiting the capacity of the cathode materials. [4] One solution to solve this problem is to replace kinetically sluggish Mg 2+ intercalation/deintercalation with kinetically more efficient Li + using a dual salt electrolyte. [5] With this design, Li + intercalation/deintercalation occurs at the cathode with a fast kinetic rate, whereas the advantages of using Mg anode are retained since only magnesium deposition/dissolution occurs at the anode due to its high redox potential. [6] However, in such a hybrid battery system, the asymmetric use of Mg 2+ and Li + on each electrode requires a large amount of electrolyte as an ion reservoir to supply Li + and receive Mg 2+ during discharging and charging. Besides, the most commonly used Li salts in the Mg 2+ /Li + battery (MLIB) have either a limited solubility in solvent or a narrow electrochemical window, leading to a low efficiency. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a cathode that can accommodate both Mg 2+ and Li + .2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with weak interlayer van der Waals (vdW) interactions offer the privilege of introducing foreign atoms or molecules between the layers via an intercalation mechanism. [7] Among various TMCDs, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) with large interlayer spacing (0.62 nm) has been intensively investigated as an electrode material for rechargeable batteries. [8] Although bulk MoS 2 does not favor large Mg 2+ intercalations, the exfoliated MoS 2 with an increased interlayer spacing can largely improve Mg 2+ diffusion and storage. [9] Many methods can be applied to prepare exfoliated MoS 2 , such as mechanical cleavage, [10] liquid exfoliation, [7c,11] and electrochemical exfoliation. [12] Especially, the Li-intercalation exfoliated MoS 2 contains a high ratio of metallic 1T phase, which is in favor of various ion intercalation, including Mg 2+ . [9,13] Thus, controlling the cathode structure by enlarging the ion transport channel and maximizing the exposure of active edge sites is of paramount importance.Herein, we report the growth of interlayer expanded MoS 2 nanosheets on graphene foam (GF) via a hydrothermal method as cathodes for both, MRB and MLIB. The obtained freestanding MoS 2 /graphene foam composite (hereafter referred to as E-MG) displays an interlayer spacing of 1.01 nm (0.62 nm for Bulk-MoS 2 ) with a high ratio of metallic 1T phase. An MRB constructed using this cathode showed pronounced solid-state Mg 2+ diffusion and ion storage capacity than Bulk-MoS 2 . Further, a hybrid MLIB fabricated using the E-MG as cathode,The hybrid Mg 2+ /Li + battery (MLIB) is a very promising energy storage technology that combines the advantage of the Li and Mg electrochemistry. However, previous research has shown that the battery performance is limited due to the strong dependence on the Li content in the dual Mg 2+ /Li + electrolyte. This limitation can be circumvented by significantly improving the diffusion kinetics of Mg 2+ in...

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Section: Electrode Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS₂/Graphene Cathode

Fan

Gaddam

Kumar

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

169

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Strategies to improve the kinetics, i.e., new synthetic ways for electrode materials, are therefore necessary for the development of multivalent ion battery materials. Few studies have reported the use of TiO 2 or its composites as cathode materials for Mg‐ion batteries and hybrid Mg/Li batteries . However, the extension of these studies toward anodically grown NTs has still to be realized.…”

Section: Use Of Tio2 Nanotubes In Multivalent Ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Understanding Ion Storage in Self‐Organized Anodic TiO₂ Nanotubes

Auer

Kunze‐Liebhäuser

2018

Small Methods

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Self‐organized, anodically grown titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes have been readily studied as anode material in various ion batteries. The simple way of nanostructuring via anodization of a Ti metal substrate and the fact that either their nanotubular morphology or bulk structure can be readily adjusted by changing the anodization and/or annealing conditions make them an attractive model anode material. This enables the investigation of different phenomena by selectively changing one specific parameter of the ion insertion mechanism. This review focuses on the recent progress in understanding the ion storage characteristics of anodic self‐organized TiO2 nanotubes in Li‐, Na‐, and Al‐ion batteries. Insights into the electrochemical behavior of the anode material as well as methodological approaches are highlighted.

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“…This marked the discovery of the first stable, halide-free electrolyte for magnesium batteries. Since then, there have been a number of experimental 13,[20][21][22][23][24][25] and theoretical 12,23,26 studies aimed at improving battery performance. Presently, there are some problems with this electrolyte, including low ionic conductivity and solubility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Liquid Structure and Ion Formation in Magnesium Borohydride Electrolyte Using Density Functional Theory

Deetz¹,

Cao²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Rechargeable magnesium batteries have attracted much interest due their high volumetric capacity, potential for safe operation, and the natural abundance of magnesium. However, the development of magnesium batteries for practical applications has been obstructed by the lack of understanding of the liquid structure of electrolytes. Herein, we use quantum density functional theory coupled with a continuum solvation model to investigate the structure of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 in two ethereal solvents: tetrahydrofuran (THF), and monoglyme (G1). The most energetically favorable clusters of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 , MgBH 4 + , and Mg 2+ , with associated solvent molecule ligands, are determined. The free energy required to generate monovalent ions in the electrolyte is positive and the formation of divalent complexes is prohibitive. Singly and doubly charged complexes are more stable in G1 than THF, which is consistent with experimental findings. From the standpoint of free energy, clusters containing multiple magnesium atoms are not favored. Theoretical 25 Mg-NMR, 11 B-NMR spectra, and infrared vibrational modes of borohydride were calculated for each cluster. The relationships between cluster charge and the signals of each spectrum are determined. These analytical descriptors could be useful to characterize the degree of ion dissociation in the electrolyte. For rechargeable batteries to become widespread in electric vehicle and grid energy storage applications, it is imperative that they are safe and low cost.1,2 These challenges have motivated researchers in recent years to consider alternatives to lithium-ion batteries, such as sodium 3,4 and multivalent 5,6 battery chemistries. Ever since the first prototypes were developed, 7,8 magnesium batteries have attracted much interest from the research community. Compared with lithiumion batteries, magnesium batteries have several advantages, such as their high volumetric capacity (3832 mAh/cm 3 ), which is a result of the divalency of magnesium. Additionally, the cycling of plating/stripping of Mg 2+ onto the magnesium metal anode does not produce dendrites, which alleviates one of safety concerns of lithium batteries. 9,10 However, magnesium batteries face crucial challenges before they can succeed in practical applications.11 In particular, the choice of the electrolyte is critical to their performance. 12,13 There are only a handful of electrolytes known to be stable 14 during battery cycling, due to the reactivity of the Mg anode. that an electrolyte consisting of magnesium borohydride in an ethereal solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran or monoglyme, could reversibly plate/strip Mg 2+ onto a magnesium metal anode. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 13 has shown that a Mg anode using this electrolyte did not yield signals for boron or carbon, implying that the electrolyte is electrochemically stable during charge and discharge cycles. This marked the discovery of the first stable, halide-free electrolyte for magnesium batteries. Since then, there have been a number of experimental 13,[20][21][22...

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A High-Performance Rechargeable Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Hybrid Battery Using One-Dimensional Mesoporous TiO₂(B) Nanoflakes as the Cathode

Cited by 83 publications

References 40 publications

A Hybrid Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS₂/Graphene Cathode

A Hybrid Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS₂/Graphene Cathode

Recent Progress in Understanding Ion Storage in Self‐Organized Anodic TiO₂ Nanotubes

Exploring the Liquid Structure and Ion Formation in Magnesium Borohydride Electrolyte Using Density Functional Theory

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A High-Performance Rechargeable Mg2+/Li+ Hybrid Battery Using One-Dimensional Mesoporous TiO2(B) Nanoflakes as the Cathode

Cited by 83 publications

References 40 publications

A Hybrid Mg2+/Li+ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS2/Graphene Cathode

A Hybrid Mg2+/Li+ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS2/Graphene Cathode

Recent Progress in Understanding Ion Storage in Self‐Organized Anodic TiO2 Nanotubes

Exploring the Liquid Structure and Ion Formation in Magnesium Borohydride Electrolyte Using Density Functional Theory

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Product

Resources

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A High-Performance Rechargeable Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Hybrid Battery Using One-Dimensional Mesoporous TiO₂(B) Nanoflakes as the Cathode

A Hybrid Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS₂/Graphene Cathode

A Hybrid Mg²⁺/Li⁺ Battery Based on Interlayer‐Expanded MoS₂/Graphene Cathode

Recent Progress in Understanding Ion Storage in Self‐Organized Anodic TiO₂ Nanotubes