Ceramic photonic crystals have wide application potentials for THz technology due to their characteristic strong chemical stability and high temperature resistance for demanding environment. However, it is still a challenge to modulate the THz properties of as-prepared ceramic TPCs via post-creation treatments to satisfy different application requirements. In this work, the THz properties of rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs were modulated by non-metal anion doping of either carbon or nitrogen, which was firstly created by the direct-writing technique with a TiO 2 sol-gel ink followed by the high temperature sintering process at 1200°C. Calcination of the pristine rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs in either CO or NH 3 atmosphere successfully doped either C or N dopants into rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs, respectively, which changed their dielectric properties and subsequently induced different THz properties on these ceramic 3D-TPCs with the same structure. Their THz properties were found to be largely affected by the specific nature of the dopant. Compared with the pristine rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPC, the bandgap positions of both C-doped and Ndoped rutile TiO 2 ceramic 3D-TPCs largely shifted toward the higher frequency, while the N-doped sample demonstrated a much broader bandgap. Thus, non-metal anion doping could be an effective post-creation approach to modulate the THz properties of ceramic TPCs. K E Y W O R D S 3D-terahertz photonic crystals, anion doping, direct-writing, rutile TiO 2 , sol-gel ink How to cite this article: Wang R, Yang W, Gao S, et al. Modulation of terahertz properties of 3D ceramic photonic crystals via post-creation non-metal anion doping treatment. J Am Ceram Soc. 2019;102:4688-4697. https://doi.