A high resolution 40Ar/39Ar lava chronology and edifice construction history for Tongariro volcano, New Zealand

Pure, Leo R.; Leonard, Graham S.; Townsend, Dougal; Wilson, C. J. N.; Calvert, Andrew T.; Leonard, Graham; Conway, Chris E.; Gamble, J. A.; Smith, T. ‘Bubs’

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.106993

Cited by 21 publications

(115 citation statements)

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“…The oldest rocks dated at Tongariro are 512 ± 59 ka. They represent a previous, independent edifice now almost entirely buried beneath the NW flanks of Tongariro (Pure et al 2020). Volcanism at Tongariro itself began at ∼350 ka (Pure et al 2020).…”

Section: Evolution and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They represent a previous, independent edifice now almost entirely buried beneath the NW flanks of Tongariro (Pure et al 2020). Volcanism at Tongariro itself began at ∼350 ka (Pure et al 2020). Combined with published K/Ar age data (Hobden et al 1996), 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of Tongariro lavas (Pure et al 2020) indicates building of the present edifice had definitely begun by ∼230 ka (Figure 6).…”

Section: Evolution and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oldest recorded volcanism in the TNP area (933 ± 46 ka: Cameron et al 2010) was at Hauhungatahi, northwest of Ruapehu. There is then a gap in dated materials until eruption of lava forming a small inlier on the western side of Tongariro that returned an age of 512 ± 59 ka (Pure et al 2020). Townsend et al (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oldest dated materials associated directly with the Tongariro and Ruapehu edifices are around 350 and 200 ka, respectively (Gamble et al 2003;Pure et al 2020: see below) and activity has continued through to the present day. Numerous historic eruptions have occurred from Te Wai ā-Moe/Crater Lake on Ruapehu and multiple vents on Tongariro, most recently in 2007 and 2012, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reader is also referred to Townsend et al (2017), which includes a map and detailed text citing key publications related to many specific features and geological units of these volcanoes. A digital revision of Tongariro geological units based on Pure et al (2020) is underway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ruapehu and Tongariro stratovolcanoes: a review of current understanding

Leonard

Christenson

et al. 2021

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Ruapehu (150 km 3 cone, 150 km 3 ring-plain) and Tongariro (90 km 3 cone, 60 km 3 ring-plain) are iconic stratovolcanoes, formed since ∼230 and ∼350 ka, respectively, in the southern Taupo Volcanic Zone and Taupo Rift. These volcanoes rest on Mesozoic metasedimentary basement with local intervening Miocene sediments. Both volcanoes have complex growth histories, closely linked to the presence or absence of glacial ice that controlled the distribution and preservation of lavas. Ruapehu cone-building vents are focused into a short NNE-separated pair, whereas Tongariro vents are more widely distributed along that trend, the differences reflecting local rifting rates and faulting intensities. Both volcanoes have erupted basaltic andesite to dacite (53-66 wt.% silica), but mostly plagioclase-two pyroxene andesites from storage zones at 5-10 km depth. Erupted compositions contain evidence for magma mixing and interaction with basement rocks. Each volcano has an independent magmatic system and a growth history related to long-term (>10 4 years) cycles of mantlederived magma supply, unrelated to glacial/interglacial cycles. Historic eruptions at both volcanoes are compositionally diverse, reflecting small, dispersed magma sources. Both volcanoes often show signs of volcanic unrest and have erupted with a wide range of styles and associated hazards, most recently in 2007 (Ruapehu) and 2012 (Tongariro).

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Section: Evolution and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ruapehu and Tongariro stratovolcanoes: a review of current understanding

Leonard

Christenson

et al. 2021

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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The compositional diversity and temporal evolution of an active andesitic arc stratovolcano: Tongariro, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

Pure

Wilson

Charlier

et al. 2023

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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New geochemical data, including Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes for whole-rock and groundmass samples, are reported for edifice-forming eruptives at Tongariro volcano, New Zealand, which span its ~ 350 ka to late Holocene history. Tongariro eruptives are medium-K basaltic-andesites to dacites (53.0–66.2 wt% SiO2) that evolved via assimilation-fractional crystallisation (AFC) processes partly or mostly in the uppermost 15 km of the crust. When ordered chronologically using a high-resolution 40Ar/39Ar-dated eruptive stratigraphy, the compositional data show systematic 10–130 kyr cycles. Mafic replenishment events inferred from MgO values occurred at ~ 230, ~ 151, ~ 88 and ~ 56 ka and in the late Holocene, with high-MgO flank vents erupting at ~ 160, ~ 117, ~ 35 and ~ 17.5 ka. Cycles in Sm/Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd and Pb isotopic ratios, which are decoupled from MgO, K2O and Rb/Sr cycles, indicate periods of prolonged crustal residence of magmas from ~ 230 to ~ 100 ka and ~ 95 to ~ 30 ka. AFC modelling shows that intermediate and silicic melt compositions, with r-values between 0.1 and 1, are needed to reproduce Tongariro compositional arrays. AFC models also indicate that ~ 20% of the average Tongariro magma comprises assimilated (meta)sedimentary basement material. Locally, Tongariro and adjacent Ruapehu volcanoes attain their most crust-like 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd compositions at ~ 100 and ~ 30 ka, paralleling with zircon model-age crystallisation modes at the rhyolitic Taupō volcano ~ 50 km to the NNE. These coincidences suggest that the timing and tempo of magma assembly processes at all three volcanoes were contemporaneous and may have been tectonically influenced since at least 200 ka.

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