A high-resolution GIS null model of potential forest expansion following land use changes in Norway

Bryn, Anders; Dourojeanni, Pablo; Hemsing, Lars Østbye; O'Donnell, Sejal

doi:10.1080/02827581.2012.689005

Cited by 41 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Vegetation mapping is a descriptive process whereby the land surface is divided into partitions and each part is classified according to the composition and structure of the vegetation. Additionally, vegetation mapping is used as a tool in conservation planning (Ferrier 2002), natural resource management (Thackway et al 2007), documentation and monitoring of changes in nature Ihse 2007;Ståhl et al 2011), ecological modelling (Bryn et al 2013), and as a general data source for many research programmes (Peet & Roberts 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and spatial structure of dwarf shrub heath in Norway

Aune-Lundberg

Strand

2017

Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography

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Detailed descriptions of individual vegetation types shown on vegetation maps can improve the ways in which the composition and spatial structure within the types are understood. The authors therefore examined dwarf shrub heath, a vegetation type covering large areas and found in many parts of the Norwegian mountains. They used data from point samples obtained in a wall-to-wall area frame survey. The point sampling method provided data that gave a good understanding of the composition and structure of the vegetation type, but also revealed a difference between variation within the vegetation type itself (intra-class variation) and variation resulting from the inclusion of other types of vegetation inside the map polygons (landscape variation). Intra-class variation reflected differences in the botanical composition of the vegetation type itself, whereas landscape variation represented differences in the land-cover composition of the broader landscape in which the vegetation type was found. Both types of variation were related to environmental gradients. The authors conclude that integrated point sampling method is an efficient way to achieve increased understanding of the content of a vegetation map and can be implemented as a supporting activity during a survey. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and spatial structure of dwarf shrub heath in Norway

Aune-Lundberg

Strand

2017

Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography

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“…In Scandinavia, land use has a pronounced effect on tree line positions (Moe 1979;Aas & Faarlund 1995;Hofgaard 1999;Bryn & Daugstad 2001;Löffler et al 2004). Therefore, changes in land use should be able to trigger reactions in the tree line position which could easily be misinterpreted as climatedriven reactions (Davis et al 1998;Hofgaard 1997;Holtmeier & Broll 2005;Bryn 2008;Bryn et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do shifting forest limits in south-west Norway keep up with climate change?

Rannow

2013

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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In this paper, high-resolution remote sensing data were used to investigate whether a change in the alpine forest limit is observable on the Hardangervidda plateau in south-west Norway. A comparison of declassified CORONA images from 1965 with modern digital aerial surveys from 2004 provided evidence for a change of forest limits towards higher elevations. However, the observed upslope movement is lower than should be expected considering local climate warming and changes in land use. Projections of climate-induced impacts on the forest limits on Hardangervidda based on equilibrium assumptions do not hold true. There are considerable differences between the reaction of forest cover and changes in tree line. Forest cover in alpine areas might show an extensive time lag in the reaction to climatic change, even though conditions for growth of individual trees may have improved considerably. Consequentially, it should be expected that warming temperatures will not cause an immediate and homogenous advancement of forest cover towards higher elevations.

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“…5). This basically land use-driven process is evident both in the Scandes, where mountain birch quickly colonizes abandoned alpine pasture fields (Bryn 2008, Bryn & Hemsing 2012, Bryn et al 2013) (Fig. 6), and in more southern European mountains (Dirnböck et al 2003, Gehrig-Fasel et al 2007, Sitko & Troll 2008, where e.g.…”

Section: Changes In Plant Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to environmental change of the treeline ecotone and its associated biodiversity in European mountains

Wielgolaski¹,

Hofgaard²,

Holtmeier³

2017

Clim. Res.

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Transition zones between mountain forests and treeless tundra, i.e. treeline ecotones, are characterized by great regional variety. In this paper, we discuss the biodiversity in various trophic levels in treeline ecotones throughout Europe, with particular focus on recent changes in land use and climate in northern and central mountains. In northernmost Europe, mountain birch prevails, while conifers (spruce, pine, larch) are the dominating species further south. While at continent-wide to global scales, the ecotone position is largely controlled by heat deficiency, it depends on a multitude of partly interacting abiotic and biotic factors other than climate at smaller scales. Climate change is a driving factor in treeline ecotone change, including physiognomic structure and biodiversity, although the effects of climate and other factors often overlap. Historical legacy plays an important role in this respect, and human impacts are particularly important. The recent decline in pastoral use of many European treeline areas often strongly influences plant diversity and re-growth of trees and other woody species. Climate change together with changing tree cover may influence snow cover, moisture regime, and nutrient conditions. Subsequently changed site conditions influence plant−plant interactions, favoring some species and disfavoring others, and plant−animal interactions. Native animals may cause widespread or local disturbances in treeline ecotone areas. Mass outbreaks of leaf-eating insects, for example, usually affect comparatively large forested areas whereas mammalian herbivores and birds have more local impact. However, high numbers of wild or domestic mammalian herbivores may challenge the carrying capacity of treeline ecotone areas at the same time as they preserve an open pasture character. This calls for cross-disciplinary study approaches, addressing the complexity of the ecotone regarding both causal background and biogeographic diversity.

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A high-resolution GIS null model of potential forest expansion following land use changes in Norway

Cited by 41 publications

References 68 publications

Composition and spatial structure of dwarf shrub heath in Norway

Composition and spatial structure of dwarf shrub heath in Norway

Do shifting forest limits in south-west Norway keep up with climate change?

Sensitivity to environmental change of the treeline ecotone and its associated biodiversity in European mountains

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