1994
DOI: 10.1016/0927-0248(94)90176-7
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A high speed frequency shift method as a protection for islanding phenomena of utility interactive PV systems

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Cited by 36 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…However, it is known that some RLC loads have phase response curves such that the phase of the load increases faster than the phase of the PV inverter [1,16]. This problem is demonstrated in Figure 6, which shows several RLC loads with frequency responses that defeat the instability of this particular SMS curve.…”
Section: Ndzmentioning
confidence: 95%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…However, it is known that some RLC loads have phase response curves such that the phase of the load increases faster than the phase of the PV inverter [1,16]. This problem is demonstrated in Figure 6, which shows several RLC loads with frequency responses that defeat the instability of this particular SMS curve.…”
Section: Ndzmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…The frequency bias or active frequency drift (AFD) method is easily implemented in a PV inverter with a microprocessor-based controller [16]. In this method, the waveform of the current injected into node "a" by the PV inverter is slightly distorted such that there is a continuous trend to change the frequency.…”
Section: Theory Of Operationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…A few examples of active methods of detection are, slidemode frequency shift (SMS) [11], active frequency drift and Sandia frequency shift (SFS) [11][12][13][14], Sandia voltage shift (SVS) [11], methods based on impedance measurement by harmonic injection [15][16][17][18], impedance measurement by output power shift [8] and impedance measurement by active frequency drift [9].…”
Section: I! Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4,5 Several islanding detection techniques can be found in the literature. 1,2,4,5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] They can be mainly classified in two groups: passive and active methods. The passive methods try to detect islanding by means of observing the evolution of the inverter output electrical variables.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%