A high torque density, direct drive in-wheel motor for electric vehicles

Ifedi, C.J.; Mecrow, B.C.; Widmer, James D.; Atkinson, Glynn; Brockway, Simon; Kostic-Perovic, D.

doi:10.1049/cp.2012.0254

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Solutions typically use vector space decomposition for control in the synchronous reference frame [2][3]5]. Efforts have already been made to integrate multi-three-phase machines for directdrive and integrated in-wheel applications [8][9] where it has been shown that high torque density can be achieved [10][11]. The proposed system considers multi-three-phase machines as the enabling technology.…”

Section: A Multi-three Phase Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMART: Modular Architecture for Reliable Transportation

Papadopoulos

Galassini

Ruksnaitis

et al. 2019

IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

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This paper proposes a new ultra-reliable architecture for fully electric propulsion primarily aimed at the automotive sector. The system considers a direct drive arrangement, minimizing the number of moving components and is based on a network of multi-three-phase machines providing propulsion. The DC-link from each 3-phase star within each machine can be interconnected to form a network, or mesh, which would allow a variety of post-fault mitigation strategies. The system scaling is considered along with the benefits and impact of modularity on device ratings. Finally the simulated performance for one drive is presented demonstrating the core capability in redirecting power flow in case of a fault.

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Section: A Multi-three Phase Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMART: Modular Architecture for Reliable Transportation

Papadopoulos

Galassini

Ruksnaitis

et al. 2019

IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Table 1 summarizes some typical specifications of the electric drive systems, i.e., the commercial Prius and Protean Electric drive systems [32][33][34], the radial-flux PM hub machine developed by Rix and Kamper [35], and the direct-drive machine investigated in this paper. The 2004 Prius uses a high-speed machine with an additional gear box, so the number of poles is relatively low.…”

Section: Machine Specification and Slot/pole Combinations Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Research on a 20-Slot/22-Pole Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant PMSM Used for Four-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicles

Sui

Zheng

et al. 2014

Energies

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This paper presents a five-phase fault-tolerant permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) used for electric vehicles. In multiphase fault-tolerant PMSMs equipped with fractional-slot concentrated windings, excessive magneto-motive force (MMF) harmonics can lead to thermal demagnetization of the permanent magnets (PMs). In order to reduce the lower-order harmonics, the origins of the 2-pole harmonic in conventional winding configurations are investigated, and an unequal-turn winding configuration is applied to cancel the lower-order harmonics. The main electromagnetic performances of the unequal-turn winding configuration are investigated and compared with conventional winding topologies. Based on the principle of maintaining constant instantaneous power, the fault-tolerant control strategies for open-circuits of up to two phases are developed. All of the investigations are verified by finite element analysis (FEA) results.

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“…The space constraint imposed by the wheel rim, which must also accommodate mechanical parts such as brake and suspension components, is the main challenge for in-wheel motor design. High efficiency and low cogging torque are also key [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Air-Cooled YASA Motor for in-Wheel Electric Vehicle Applications

Winterborne

Stannard

Sjöberg

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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In-wheel motors present a range of opportunities for innovation in electric vehicle design as the torque produced at each of two or four wheels can be controlled individually. A high aspect ratio (large radius, short axial length) motor is required to fit within the wheel. Due to its location, liquid cooling of the inwheel motor is difficult and undesirable, but a high power density is required to reduce the mass-which is particularly important as it is unsprung-and fit the space envelope. Furthermore, a high torque density is required to eliminate the need for a gearbox. These constraints create a real challenge for the design of a machine for this application. An axial field machine using a Yokeless and Segmented Armature (YASA) topology is designed to fit these requirements as such a machine has clear advantages when considering the high aspect ratio. A soft magnetic composite (SMC) material is utilised to carry the flux in its non-planar path without incurring excessive losses or requiring a lamination design which is difficult and expensive to manufacture. A novel cooling arrangement involving heat-spreading elements on each armature segment is employed to improve heat dissipation and hence power density. The design, analysis, manufacturing, and testing of the motor is described in this paper to verify the concept against the requirements outlined above.

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A high torque density, direct drive in-wheel motor for electric vehicles

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

SMART: Modular Architecture for Reliable Transportation

SMART: Modular Architecture for Reliable Transportation

Research on a 20-Slot/22-Pole Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant PMSM Used for Four-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicles

An Air-Cooled YASA Motor for in-Wheel Electric Vehicle Applications

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