“…A number of studies compared APP care to resident and/or fellows or house staff (24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 42, 45, 59–66), and demonstrated similar outcomes. Several of these studies also identified significant differences in aspects of care provided by APPs including decreased length of stay (LOS) (24, 31, 32, 39, 45), improved physician and nursing satisfaction (28, 31, 53), higher rates of discharge destinations to home (32), decreased ED time to transfer to ICU (55), decreased costs of care related to laboratory test use (67), decreased 14 day readmission rates (45), increased discharges by noon (39), decreased costs of care for heart failure patients (49), and indirect economic and patient care impacts such as increasing ED throughput, decreasing time to the operating room, operative time, and decreasing complications (48).…”