A high-yield IC-compatible multichannel recording array

Najafi, K.; Wise, K.D.; Mochizuki, Tohru

doi:10.1109/t-ed.1985.22102

Cited by 269 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Then a silicon-substrate, thin-film, multichannel recording probe (Center for Neural Communication Technology, Ann Arbor, MI; Drake et al 1988;Najafi et al 1985) was inserted into the center of the IC using a micromanipulator. The probe was mounted on a custom-built head-stage that was held by the micromanipulator.…”

Section: Anesthesia and Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic Spread of Inferior Colliculus Activation in Response to Acoustic and Intracochlear Electric Stimulation

Snyder

Bierer

Middlebrooks

2004

JARO

140

158

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The design of contemporary multichannel cochlear implants is predicated on the presumption that they activate multiple independent sectors of the auditory nerve array. The independence of these channels, however, is limited by the spread of activation from each intracochlear electrode across the auditory nerve array. In this study, we evaluated factors that influence intracochlear spread of activation using two types of intracochlear electrodes: (1) a clinical-type device consisting of a linear series of ring contacts positioned along a silicon elastomer carrier, and (2) a pair of visually placed (VP) ball electrodes that could be positioned independently relative to particular intracochlear structures, e.g., the spiral ganglion. Activation spread was estimated by recording multineuronal evoked activity along the cochleotopic axis of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC). This activity was recorded using silicon-based singleshank, 16-site recording probes, which were fixed within the ICC at a depth defined by responses to acoustic tones. After deafening, electric stimuli consisting of single biphasic electric pulses were presented with each electrode type in various stimulation configurations (monopolar, bipolar, tripolar) and/or various electrode orientations (radial, off-radial, longitudinal). The results indicate that monopolar (MP) stimulation with either electrode type produced widepread excitation across the ICC. Bipolar (BP) stimulation with banded pairs of electrodes oriented longitudinally produced activation that was somewhat less broad than MP stimulation, and tripolar (TP) stimulation produced activation that was more restricted than MP or BP stimulation. Bipolar stimulation with radially oriented pairs of VP ball electrodes produced the most restricted activation. The activity patterns evoked by radial VP balls were comparable to those produced by pure tones in normal-hearing animals. Variations in distance between radially oriented VP balls had little effect on activation spread, although increases in interelectrode spacing tended to reduce thresholds. Bipolar stimulation with longitudinally oriented VP electrodes produced broad activation that tended to broaden as the separation between electrodes increased.

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Section: Anesthesia and Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic Spread of Inferior Colliculus Activation in Response to Acoustic and Intracochlear Electric Stimulation

Snyder

Bierer

Middlebrooks

2004

JARO

140

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Cortical activity was recorded with silicon-substrate multichannel recording probes (Center for Neural Communication Technology, Ann Arbor, MI; Drake et al 1988;Najafi et al 1985). Each recording probe had 16 recording sites along a single shank at intervals of 100 lm (center to center).…”

Section: Multichannel Recording and Spike Sortingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Responses to Cochlear Implant Stimulation: Channel Interactions

Bierer

Middlebrooks

2004

JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngolog

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This study examined the interactions between electrical stimuli presented through two channels of a cochlear implant. Experiments were conducted in anesthetized guinea pigs. Multiunit spike activity recorded from the auditory cortex reflected the cumulative effects of electric field interactions in the cochlea as well as any neural interactions along the ascending auditory pathway. The cochlea was stimulated electrically through a 6-electrode intracochlear array. The stimulus on each channel was a single 80-ls/phase biphasic pulse. Channel interactions were quantified as changes in the thresholds for elevation of cortical spike rates. Experimental parameters were interchannel temporal offset (0 to ±2000 ls), interelectrode cochlear spacing (1.5 or 2.25 mm), electrode configuration (monopolar, bipolar, or tripolar), and relative polarity between channels (same or inverted). In most conditions, presentation of a subthreshold pulse on one channel reduced the threshold for a pulse on a second channel. Threshold shifts were greatest for simultaneous pulses, but appreciable threshold reductions could persist for temporal offsets up to 640 ls. Channel interactions varied strongly with electrode configuration: threshold shifts increased in magnitude in the order tripolar, bipolar, monopolar. Channel interactions were greater for closer electrode spacing. The results have implications for design of speech processors for cochlear implants.

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“…Given the close spacing of tetrodes, multiple spike signals can be used to triangulate and localize a specific cell in space 32 . The pioneering work of Wise at Stanford University 33,34 and at the University of Michigan 35,36 in developing microfabricated silicon electrode arrays was a major advancement. The geometrical precision of lithographic techniques has allowed neuroscientists to imagine unique electrode designs having unprecedented site density.…”

Section: Recording Brain Activity Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique spread throughout the MEMS community and formed the basis for many other novel electromechanical structures. The planar lithography approach has evolved over the years to include integrated interconnects 38 , active electronics 35,39,40 , cochlear implants 41,42 , polytrodes 31 , and three-dimensional arrays 29,[43][44][45] . An important simplification for defining and releasing fine neural probe structures has been the use of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers and deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) 46,47 that many groups have adopted.…”

Section: Recording Brain Activity Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art MEMS and microsystem tools for brain research

et al. 2017

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Mapping brain activity has received growing worldwide interest because it is expected to improve disease treatment and allow for the development of important neuromorphic computational methods. MEMS and microsystems are expected to continue to offer new and exciting solutions to meet the need for high-density, high-fidelity neural interfaces. Herein, the state-of-the-art in recording and stimulation tools for brain research is reviewed, and some of the most significant technology trends shaping the field of neurotechnology are discussed.

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A high-yield IC-compatible multichannel recording array

Cited by 269 publications

References 8 publications

Topographic Spread of Inferior Colliculus Activation in Response to Acoustic and Intracochlear Electric Stimulation

Topographic Spread of Inferior Colliculus Activation in Response to Acoustic and Intracochlear Electric Stimulation

Cortical Responses to Cochlear Implant Stimulation: Channel Interactions

State-of-the-art MEMS and microsystem tools for brain research

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