A higher dietary restraint is associated with higher BMI: a cross-sectional study in college students.

Ramírez-Contreras, Catalina; Farrán-Codina, Andreu; Izquierdo-Pulido, Marı́a; Zerón-Rugerio, María Fernanda

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113536

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In their study, Anschutz et al determined an inverse relationship between the cognitive restraint behavior of 475 participants and their energy, CHO, and fat intakes [33]. Another study showed that energy and fat intake were lower in individuals with high cognitive restraint behavior [34]. In this study, it was found that the energy and CHO intakes of the participants with the highest levels of cognitive restraint were significantly lower than the other groups (p<0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…In this study, it was found that the energy and CHO intakes of the participants with the highest levels of cognitive restraint were significantly lower than the other groups (p<0.05). It is known that individuals who cognitive eating restraint behavior have more healthy eating habits [34]. In this study, the cognitive restraint score was significantly higher in individuals who consumed food groups except for the grains at least as much as recommended (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In addition, it was determined that the cognitive restraint score was significantly higher in overweight/ obese participants, and each 1-unit increase in this score increased the risk of being overweight/obese 1.076 times (95%CI=1.050-1.103, p<0.05). The relationship between dietary restriction and BMI was also shown in a study conducted with university students [34]. Cognitive eating restraint, which is observed more in individuals with high BMI, is estimated to increase body weight by causing binge eating attacks or uncontrolled consumption of foods that are thought to be healthy [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The relationship between dietary restriction and BMI was also shown in a study conducted with university students [34]. Cognitive eating restraint, which is observed more in individuals with high BMI, is estimated to increase body weight by causing binge eating attacks or uncontrolled consumption of foods that are thought to be healthy [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The effect of emotional eating on body weight and eating habits in adults

Esma¹,

Yılmaz²,

Bodur³

et al. 2022

Med-Science

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of emotional nutrition on body weight and eating habits in adults. 2461 volunteers between the ages of 18-and 65 (40.7±13.6 years) participated in this cross-sectional study (M=677, F=1784). Research data were collected with a face-to-face questionnaire. The participants' nutritional habits and status were evaluated with the three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ) and a 24-hour dietary recall form. The “International Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire - Short Form” was used to determine the physical activity level of individuals. Body mass index was calculated by measuring height and body weight. At the end of the study, it was found that 34.5% of the participants were overweight, and 25.1% were obese. The uncontrolled eating and hunger score were significantly higher, whereas it was low in cognitive restraint in individuals who consumed grains as much or more than recommended (p<0.05). And higher cognitive restraint score was found in those who stated that they consumed the milk and dairy products, vegetable and fruit groups as much or more than recommended and the grains less than recommended (p<0.05). In addition, dietary disinhibition (OR=1.142, 95% CI=1.097-1.189), cognitive restriction (OR=1.076, 95% CI=1.050-1.103) and fasting (OR=1.084, 95% CI=1.033-1.137) scores of TEFQ sub-factors been shown to significantly increase the risk of being overweight/obese (p<0.001). These results show that emotional eating has a significant effect on body weight. For this reason, a multidisciplinary approach is required to evaluate the effect of diet therapy and nutrition on the patient and take into account the patient's emotional state, especially in the treatment and control of obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The effect of emotional eating on body weight and eating habits in adults

Esma¹,

Yılmaz²,

Bodur³

et al. 2022

Med-Science

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“…Body dissatisfaction is common among university students [ 19 , 23 , 24 ]. Because the lifestyle of university students has a major effect on the formation of a future healthy lifestyle, it is very important to encourage university students to adopt a healthy lifestyle [ 25 ]. However, there are few studies on the relationship between body dissatisfaction, disordered eating behaviors, and physical activity among Chinese university students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between body dissatisfaction, insufficient physical activity, and disordered eating behaviors among university students in southern China

et al. 2022

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Background With an increasing incidence of obesity, the relationship between obesity and body image has become a hot research topic worldwide. From high school to university, young people experience changes in their social environment. University students have a high incidence of eating disorders and insufficient physical activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between body dissatisfaction, insufficient physical activity, and disordered eating behaviors among university students in southern China. Methods In total, 1296 university students aged 18–23 years were recruited for this study. The participants completed anthropometric measurements, the Physical Activity Rating scale-3 (PARS-3), and the Chinese-Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (C-DEBQ). The ideal weight and silhouette were reported by university students using a questionnaire. Results Compared with men, young women had a higher level of body dissatisfaction. For men, body mass index (BMI; β = 0.76, P < 0.01), physical activity score (β = − 0.11, P < 0.01), and restrained eating score (β = 0.10, P < 0.01) were the significant factors predictive of body dissatisfaction. For women, BMI (β = 0.57, P < 0.01), muscle mass (β = 0.12, P < 0.01), physical activity score (β = − 0.11, P < 0.01), and restrained eating score (β = 0.09, P < 0.01) were the significant factors predictive of body dissatisfaction. Conclusions University students with high body dissatisfaction had lower physical activity scores and higher restrained eating scores. The data presented here highlight the impact of university students’ body dissatisfaction on physical activity deficiency and disordered eating behaviors in China.

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Body‐related self‐conscious emotions, self‐compassion, and dietary restraint in Canadian undergraduate university students: A multilevel mediation and moderation analysis

Bourke,

Pila

2023

Intl J Eating Disorders

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ObjectiveSelf‐compassion has an inverse association with dietary restraint however, the mechanisms linking self‐compassion and dietary restraint are not clear. This study aimed to determine to what extent self‐compassion was inversely concurrently related to dietary restraint, indirectly through body‐related self‐conscious emotions, and to what extent trait self‐compassion moderated the concurrent within‐person association between body‐related self‐conscious emotions and dietary restraint.MethodData was collected from 224 Canadian university students who reported on trait self‐compassion at baseline and body‐related shame, guilt, envy, and embarrassment, and dietary restraint biweekly between November 2020 and August 2021.ResultsResults from a 2‐1‐1 multilevel mediation model showed that trait self‐compassion was indirectly concurrently related to dietary restraint through body‐related shame, guilt, envy, and embarrassment. Results from the moderation model showed that there was a significant positive concurrent within‐person association between body‐related shame, envy, and embarrassment, but not guilt, with dietary restraint. These relationships were not moderated by trait self‐compassion.DiscussionThis study adds to our understanding of the concurrent association between body‐related self‐conscious emotions and dietary restraint, and the mechanisms through which self‐compassion is related to dietary restraint. Given body‐related self‐conscious emotions were related to dietary restraint at both the within‐person and between‐person level, both compassion‐focused interventions that aim to improve general levels of body‐related self‐conscious emotions and interventions that aim to overcome spikes in these emotions compared with one's usual level are warranted.Public Significance StatementNegative body‐related self‐conscious emotions were related to higher levels of dietary restraint both across individuals and within individuals over time; and may play a mechanistic role in linking self‐compassion with dietary restraint. Interventions aimed at reducing negative body‐related self‐conscious emotions are warranted in the prevention of eating disorder psychopathology.

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A higher dietary restraint is associated with higher BMI: a cross-sectional study in college students.

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

The effect of emotional eating on body weight and eating habits in adults

The effect of emotional eating on body weight and eating habits in adults

Relationship between body dissatisfaction, insufficient physical activity, and disordered eating behaviors among university students in southern China

Body‐related self‐conscious emotions, self‐compassion, and dietary restraint in Canadian undergraduate university students: A multilevel mediation and moderation analysis

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