A highly accurate methodology for the prediction and correlation of mechanical properties based on the slimness ratio of additively manufactured tensile test specimens

Moura, Lucas Santana; Vittoria, Gianfranco D.; Gabriel, André H.G.; Fonseca, Eduardo Bertoni da; Gabriel, Laís Pellizzer; Webster, Thomas J; Lopes, Éder Sócrates Najar

doi:10.1007/s10853-020-04654-y

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Moura et al reported that the application of a miniaturized tensile specimen is reasonable when an insufficient amount of material is available or to reduce the costs of specimen production and testing. Nevertheless, the selection of the specimen geometry is crucial since the slimness ratio k, which is the relation between initial gauge length and specimen cross-sectional area, directly affects the elongation value [42]. The usability of the MTT technique to assess the mechanical properties of various structure states was previously demonstrated for conventionally and additively processed materials by Chvostova et al [40], Gotterbarm et al, and Džugan et al [43].…”

Section: Small Samples Design Testing Device and Strain Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of MTT specimens was also presented by Melzer et al In this study, the sub-sized specimens were employed in order to investigate local mechanical properties of the interface of two different materials in a functionally graded block providing a deep insight into the location-and orientation-related properties [44]. The MTT was performed following the internal methodology RD 2/30 (accredited) according to the standard DIN EN ISO 6892-1/ASTM E8 [42]. All tensile tests (uniaxial and plane strain, Table 2, rows 1-5) were performed using an electromechanical universal testing machine LabControl with a load cell of 5 kN capacity.…”

Section: Small Samples Design Testing Device and Strain Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of Behaviour of Thin-Walled DED-Processed Structure: Experimental-Numerical Approach

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing (AM) becomes a more and more standard process in different fields of industry. There is still only limited knowledge of the relationship between measured material data and the overall behaviour of directed energy deposition (DED)-processed complex structures. The understanding of the structural performance, including flow curves and local damage properties of additively manufactured parts by DED, becomes increasingly important. DED can be used for creating functional surfaces, component repairing using multiple powder feeders, and creating a heterogeneous structure with defined chemical composition. For thin parts that are used with the as-deposited surface, this evaluation is even highly crucial. The main goal of the study was to predict the behaviour of thin-walled structures manufactured by the DED process under static loading by finite element analysis (FEA). Moreover, in this study, the mechanical performance of partly machined and fully machined miniaturized samples produced from the structure was compared. The structure studied in this research resembles a honeycomb shape made of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L, which is characterized by high strength and ductility. The uncoupled damage models based on a hybrid experimental-numerical approach were used. The microstructure and hardness were examined to comprehend the structural behaviour.

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Section: Small Samples Design Testing Device and Strain Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Samples Design Testing Device and Strain Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Behaviour of Thin-Walled DED-Processed Structure: Experimental-Numerical Approach

et al. 2022

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“…Apart from the standard recommendations, practical considerations can also influence the decision to conduct customized tests, instead of relying solely on standardized ones, including the selection of specimen type. Specific practical needs drive these choices, as seen in cases where limited feedstock availability or research investigations of new formulations necessitate the use of non-standard subsize specimens [ 35 ]. Additionally, for costly materials, smaller samples than the prescribed size may be preferred, due to the destructive nature of tensile testing [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific practical needs drive these choices, as seen in cases where limited feedstock availability or research investigations of new formulations necessitate the use of non-standard subsize specimens [ 35 ]. Additionally, for costly materials, smaller samples than the prescribed size may be preferred, due to the destructive nature of tensile testing [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Standard Geometry Shapes on the Tensile Properties of 3D-Printed Polymer

et al. 2023

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This study presents a comparative analysis of the tensile properties of 3D-printed polymer specimens with different standard geometry shapes. The objective is to assess the influence of printing orientation and geometry on the mechanical performance. Rectangular-shaped ASTM D3039 specimens with angles of 0°, 15°, and 90° are compared to various tensile test specimens based on ASTM and ISO standards. All specimens are fabricated using polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) material through fused deposition modeling (FDM). Two printing orientations, flat and on-edge, are investigated, and tensile strength, elastic modulus, strain, and elongation at break are measured. The study examines the weak spot commonly found at the neck of the specimens and evaluates the broken areas. Additionally, a numerical analysis using the finite element method (FEM) is performed to identify stress risers’ locations in each specimen type. Experimental results show that the ASTM D3039-0° specimen printed in the on-edge orientation exhibits the highest tensile properties, while the flat orientation yields the best results in terms of the broken area. The ISO 527-2 specimens consistently display lower tensile properties, irrespective of the printing orientation. The study highlights the enhanced tensile properties achieved with the rectangular shape. Specifically, the tensile strength of ASTM D3039-0° was 17.87% and 21% higher than that of the ISO 527 geometry shape for the flat and on-edge orientations, respectively. The numerical analysis indicated that the ISO 527-2 specimen had either no or minimal stress raisers, and the higher stresses observed in the narrow section were isolated from the gripping location. The findings contribute to understanding the relationship between standard geometry shapes, printing orientation, and the resulting tensile properties of 3D-printed polymer specimens.

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“…Consequently, it is challenging to perform quasi-static and cyclic tests, which are a prerequisite for the successful application of these novel materials in their highly demanding fields of application [ 16 ]. The experimental testing is even more demanding when it is necessary to test matrix material of thin-walled or topologically complex structures, usually manufactured using L-PBF and EB-PBF [ 17 ]. In such cases, it is necessary to test specimens of smaller sizes, although standardized testing procedures for mechanical testing of AM parts are still unavailable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Mechanical Behavior of Ti6Al4V Alloy Manufactured Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2023

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The microstructure of Ti6Al4V alloy, manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), is affected by process parameters and heat treatment. However, their influence on the nano-mechanical behavior of this widely applicable alloy is still unknown and scarcely reported. This study aims to investigate the influence of the frequently used annealing heat treatment on mechanical properties, strain-rate sensitivity, and creep behavior of L-PBF Ti6Al4V alloy. Furthermore, the influence of different utilized L-PBF laser power–scanning speed combinations on mechanical properties of annealed specimens has been studied as well. It has been found that the effect of high laser power remains present in the microstructure even after annealing, resulting in increase in nano-hardness. Moreover, the linear relation between the Young’s modulus and the nano-hardness after annealing has been established. Thorough creep analysis revealed dislocation motion as a dominant deformation mechanism, both for as-built and annealed conditions of the specimens. Although annealing heat treatment is beneficial and widely recommended, it reduces the creep resistance of Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured using L-PBF. The results presented within this research article contribute to the L-PBF process parameter selection, as well as to understanding the creep behavior of these novel and widely applicable materials.

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A highly accurate methodology for the prediction and correlation of mechanical properties based on the slimness ratio of additively manufactured tensile test specimens

Cited by 31 publications

References 70 publications

Prediction of Behaviour of Thin-Walled DED-Processed Structure: Experimental-Numerical Approach

Prediction of Behaviour of Thin-Walled DED-Processed Structure: Experimental-Numerical Approach

Effect of Different Standard Geometry Shapes on the Tensile Properties of 3D-Printed Polymer

Nano-Mechanical Behavior of Ti6Al4V Alloy Manufactured Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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