A highly efficient method of inducing sex change using social control in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Chen, Jun; Chen, H.; Peng, Cheng; Ye, Z.; Zhao, Mei‐Jun; Xiao, Ling; Zhang, H.; Li, S.; Lin, Haoran; Zhang, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734787

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The two breeding seasons of the orange‐spotted grouper were described in a previous study (Chen et al ., 2020a). Figure 1 shows the annual seawater temperature and the two breeding seasons of mature cultured orange‐spotted groupers in Huizhou, China (22° 42′ 02.6″ N, 114° 32′ 10.1″ E).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results suggest that 11-KT increase but not E2 decrease might be the key event for the onset of sex change in the orange-spotted grouper. Although mechanisms responsible for the initiation of sex change and gonad transition remain largely unclear, recent studies have shown that the sex change of groupers is largely influenced by social cues (Chen et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a protogynous hermaphroditic fish, all orange‐spotted groupers develop directly into females and can change sex to become functional males at some stages in their life cycle. Sex change of orange‐spotted groupers is strongly influenced by social cues and can be easily induced under experimental conditions through isolating mature females, which makes it a good species for studying the mechanisms of sex change (Chen et al ., 2020a). In studies of honeycomb grouper ( Epinephelus merra ) and bluehead wrasse ( Thalassoma bifasciatum ), the fish had to be killed for gonadal sampling due to their relatively small body size; thus, the same individuals could not be sampled repeatedly, and the normal progression of sex change was studied based on samples from different individuals (Bhandari et al ., 2004; Lamm et al ., 2015; Liu et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two breeding seasons of the orange-spotted grouper were described in a previous study (Chen et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Breeding Seasons and Gonadal Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural sex change in mature protogynous orange‐spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides): gonadal restructuring, sex hormone shifts and gene profiles

Peng

Wang

Shi³

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Biology

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Sexual patterns of teleosts are extremely diverse and include both gonochorism and hermaphroditism. As a protogynous hermaphroditic fish, all orange‐spotted groupers (Epinephelus coioides) develop directly into females, and some individuals change sex to become functional males later in life. This study investigated gonadal restructuring, shifts in sex hormone levels and gene profiles of cultured mature female groupers during the first (main) breeding season of 2019 in Huizhou, China (22° 42′ 02.6″ N, 114° 32′ 10.1″ E). Analysis of gonadal restructuring revealed that females with pre‐vitellogenic ovaries underwent vitellogenesis, spawning and regression and then returned to the pre‐vitellogenic stage in the late breeding season, at which point some changed sex to become males via the intersex gonad stage. A significant decrease in the level of serum 17β‐estradiol (E2) was observed during ovary regression but not during sex change, whereas serum 11‐ketotestosterone (11‐KT) concentrations increased significantly during sex change with the highest concentration in newly developed males. Consistent with serum hormone changes, a significant decrease in cyp19a1a expression was observed during ovary regression but not during sex change, whereas the expression of cyp11c1 and hsd11b2 increased significantly during sex change. Interestingly, hsd11b2 but not cyp11c1 was significantly upregulated from the pre‐vitellogenic ovary stage to the early intersex gonad stage. These results suggest that a decrease in serum E2 concentration and downregulation of cyp19a1a expression are not necessary to trigger the female‐to‐male transformation, whereas increased 11‐KT concentration and upregulation of hsd11b2 expression may be key events for the initiation of sex change in the orange‐spotted grouper.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two breeding seasons of the orange-spotted grouper were described in a previous study (Chen et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Breeding Seasons and Gonadal Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural sex change in mature protogynous orange‐spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides): gonadal restructuring, sex hormone shifts and gene profiles

Peng

Wang

Shi³

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…However, (Chen et al, 2020) report a marked transient increase of cortisol during the early stages of protogynous sex change in orange-spotted grouper. Similar to spotty wrasse in this study, these fish do not show a significant reduction of E2 during sex change.…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphic Expression Of Genes Encoding Steroidogenic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex change in aquarium systems establishes the New Zealand spotty wrasse (Notolabrus celidotus) as a temperate model species for the investigation of sequential hermaphroditism

Goikoetxea

Muncaster

Todd

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Many studies of vertebrate sex change focus on subtropical and tropical teleosts. This study presents the protogynous New Zealand spotty wrasse, Notolabrus celidotus, as a temperate model. Captive fish were induced to change sex using either aromatase inhibition or manipulation of social groups. The endocrine and genetic cascade underlying this process was investigated using time-series sampling coupled with histological staging, sex steroid quantification and nanoString nCounter mRNA analysis. Seasonality affected sex ratios and sex steroid profiles; the likelihood of sex change increased when social manipulations were performed outside of the breeding season. Early-stage decreases in plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) concentrations or gonadal aromatase (cyp19a1a) expression were not detected in spotty wrasse, despite these being associated with the onset of sex change in many protogynous hermaphrodites. Gonadal expression of 21 candidate genes was examined in relation to gonadal histology and sex steroid concentrations across sex change. When compared to other species, some genes previously implicated in sex determination and differentiation showed typical sex-specific gonadal expression patterns (foxl1, dmrt1, amh), while other critical male- and female-pathway genes exhibited unexpected patterns (cyp19a1a, rspo1, sox9a). Moreover, expression of the masculinising factor amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) increased during early sex change, implying a potential role as a proximate trigger for sex change. Dynamic expression of DNA methyltransferase genes suggested a key role of epigenetic regulation during the ovary-to-testis transformation in this species. Collectively, these data provide a foundation for the spotty wrasse as a new teleost model to study sex change and cell fate in vertebrates.

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Protogyny in Fishes

Sakai

2022

Hermaphroditism and Mating Systems in Fish

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A highly efficient method of inducing sex change using social control in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Natural sex change in mature protogynous orange‐spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides): gonadal restructuring, sex hormone shifts and gene profiles

Natural sex change in mature protogynous orange‐spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides): gonadal restructuring, sex hormone shifts and gene profiles

Sex change in aquarium systems establishes the New Zealand spotty wrasse (Notolabrus celidotus) as a temperate model species for the investigation of sequential hermaphroditism

Protogyny in Fishes

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