A highly homologous 68 kbp plasmid found in Vibrio vulnificus strains virulent for eels

Lewin, Astrid; Bert, Bettina; Dalsgaard, Anders; Appel, Bernd; Høi, Lise

doi:10.1002/1521-4028(200012)40:5/6<377::aid-jobm377>3.3.co;2-m

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The biotype 2 serovar E and serovar O3 strains harbor plasmids with different molecular weights (8,17,19). We further determined the location of each identified biotype 2-specific sequence in the genome of CECT4602 by Southern hybridization using total DNA and plasmid DNA, respectively, as the templates.…”

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confidence: 66%

Identification of DNA Sequences Specific for Vibrio vulnificus Biotype 2 Strains by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization

Lee

Amaro

Sanjuán

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Vibrio vulnificus can be divided into three biotypes, and only biotype 2, which is further divided into serovars, contains eel-virulent strains. We compared the genomic DNA of a biotype 2 serovar E isolate (tester) with the genomic DNAs of three biotype 1 strains by suppression subtractive hybridization and then tested the distribution of the tester-specific DNA sequences in a wide collection of bacterial strains. In this way we identified three plasmid-borne DNA sequences that were specific for biotype 2 strains irrespective of the serovar and three chromosomal DNA sequences that were specific for serovar E biotype 2 strains. These sequences have potential for use in the diagnosis of eel vibriosis caused by V. vulnificus and in the detection of biotype 2 serovar E strains.

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confidence: 66%

Identification of DNA Sequences Specific for Vibrio vulnificus Biotype 2 Strains by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization

Lee

Amaro

Sanjuán

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The presence of plasmids of high M r in BT2 strains has previously been reported Høi et al, 1998;Lewin et al, 2000). In fact, three BT2-specific plasmidic sequences have been found by comparison of BT1 and BT2 genomes by subtractive hybridization (Lee et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a new fish-virulent Vibrio vulnificus serovar that lacks potential to infect humans

2007

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Vibrio vulnificus is a bacterial species that is virulent for humans and fish. Human isolates are classified into biotypes 1 and 3 (BT1 and BT3) and fish isolates into biotype 2 (BT2). However, a few human infections caused by BT2 isolates have been reported worldwide (zoonosis). These BT2 human isolates belong to serovar E (SerE), which is also present in diseased fish. The aim of the present work was to characterize a new BT2 serovar [serovar A (SerA)], which emerged in the European fish-farming industry in 2000, by means of phenotypic, serological and genetic [plasmid profiling, ribotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)] methodologies. The results confirmed that SerA constitutes a homogeneous O-serogroup within the species that shares plasmidic information with SerE. Like SerE, this new serogroup was resistant to fresh fish serum, as well as being highly virulent for fish. In contrast, it was sensitive to human serum and avirulent for mice, even after pretreatment with iron. The two serovars presented different biochemical profiles as well as specific patterns by ribotyping and RAPD analysis. In conclusion, SerA seems to constitute a different clonal group that has recently emerged within the species V. vulnificus, with pathogenic potential for fish but not for humans.

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“…Two previous findings, the presence of large plasmids in all BT2 strains (6,16,30) and the identification of BT2-specific plasmid DNA sequences found by SSH (28), suggested that the plasmids might be involved in virulence for eels. To confirm this, we selected two highly virulent serovar E strains, CECT4999 and CECT4602, that exhibited different plasmid profiles and determined the nucleotide sequences of their plasmids, followed by isolation of a plasmid-cured strain and testing of its virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, these DNA sequences were all located in the plasmids, suggesting that the virulence for eels could be conferred by a plasmid. In fact, previous studies had shown that all BT2 strains harbored one or more plasmids of high molecular weight (6,22,30).The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of plasmids in the virulence of BT2 V. vulnificus for eels. Toward this end, we determined and analyzed the nucleotide se-* Corresponding author.…”

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confidence: 98%

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A Common Virulence Plasmid in Biotype 2 Vibrio vulnificus and Its Dissemination Aided by a Conjugal Plasmid

Lee

Amaro

et al. 2008

J Bacteriol

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Strains of Vibrio vulnificus, a marine bacterial species pathogenic for humans and eels, are divided into three biotypes, and those virulent for eels are classified as biotype 2. All biotype 2 strains possess one or more plasmids, which have been shown to harbor the biotype 2-specific DNA sequences. In this study we determined the DNA sequences of three biotype 2 plasmids: pR99 (68.4 kbp) in strain CECT4999 and pC4602-1 (56.6 kb) and pC4602-2 (66.9 kb) in strain CECT4602. Plasmid pC4602-2 showed 92% sequence identity with pR99. Curing of pR99 from strain CECT4999 resulted in loss of resistance to eel serum and virulence for eels but had no effect on the virulence for mice, an animal model, and resistance to human serum. Plasmids pC4602-2 and pR99 could be transferred to the plasmid-cured strain by conjugation in the presence of pC4602-1, which was self-transmissible, and acquisition of pC4602-2 restored the virulence of the cured strain for eels. Therefore, both pR99 and pC4602-2 were virulence plasmids for eels but not mice. A gene in pR99, which encoded a novel protein and had an equivalent in pC4602-2, was further shown to be essential, but not sufficient, for the resistance to eel serum and virulence for eels. There was evidence showing that pC4602-2 may form a cointegrate with pC4602-1. An investigation of six other biotype 2 strains for the presence of various plasmid markers revealed that they all harbored the virulence plasmid and four of them possessed the conjugal plasmid in addition.Vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterial species that is ubiquitous in marine environments. This organism causes infections that are characterized by severe wound infection and primary septicemia with high mortality in humans, particularly those with underlying diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hemochromatosis (33,40). It also causes systemic infections, called vibriosis, with high mortality in brackish-water-cultured eels (4, 16). This organism is considered an emerging pathogen, since cases in fish and human were first reported in 1976 and 1979, respectively (8, 34).Strains of V. vulnificus are divided into three biotypes, biotype 1 (BT1), BT2, and BT3, based on their differences in phenotypic traits, serological type, and host range (6, 7, 42). All three biotypes can cause sporadic cases of human diseases and have been shown to be virulent for the mouse, an animal model; however, only the BT2 strains produce epizootic or outbreaks of vibriosis, mainly in eels (4, 34). The lesions on the body of a V. vulnificus-infected eel, similar to those caused by Vibrio anguillarum, include external skin ulcer, hemorrhagic fins, protrusion of the rectum, and hemorrhages and inflammation of the internal organs (4). The BT2 strains are further subdivided into several serovars (6,16,22), among which serovar E is not only the most virulent and prevalent but also the only one isolated from sporadic human infections associated with handling of contaminated fish (1).The virulence mechanism of BT2 V. vulnificus strains in eels rem...

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A highly homologous 68 kbp plasmid found in Vibrio vulnificus strains virulent for eels

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Identification of DNA Sequences Specific for Vibrio vulnificus Biotype 2 Strains by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization

Identification of DNA Sequences Specific for Vibrio vulnificus Biotype 2 Strains by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a new fish-virulent Vibrio vulnificus serovar that lacks potential to infect humans

A Common Virulence Plasmid in Biotype 2 Vibrio vulnificus and Its Dissemination Aided by a Conjugal Plasmid

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