A Highly Integrated 60 GHz 6-Channel Transceiver With Antenna in Package for Smart Sensing and Short-Range Communications

Nasr, I.; Jungmaier, Reinhard W.; Baheti, Ashutosh; Noppeney, Dennis; Bal, Jagjit S.; Wojnowski, Maciej; Karagozler, Emre; Raja, Hakim; Lien, Jaime; Poupyrev, Ivan; Trotta, S.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2016.2585621

Cited by 157 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The transceiver chip is co-developed by Infineon using Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) process technology that realizes a high level of physical miniaturization by direct placement of patch array antenna into package (AiP). More details about the hardware architecture of the radar chip can be found in [76]. In view of the above experiments, it is noted that the blood glucose samples of various concentrations are better distinguishable across some frequencies in the mm-wave band.…”

Section: Working Principle Of the Proposed Radar Systemmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The transceiver chip is co-developed by Infineon using Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) process technology that realizes a high level of physical miniaturization by direct placement of patch array antenna into package (AiP). More details about the hardware architecture of the radar chip can be found in [76]. One interesting property of this mm-wave radar is the high-resolution capability that enables resolving the illuminated target, of relatively greater thickness than the radar range resolution, into more than a single range bin at a frequency peak.…”

Section: Working Principle Of the Proposed Radar Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood Glucose Level Monitoring Using an FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensor

et al. 2020

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In this article, a novel sensing approach is presented for glucose level monitoring where a robust low-power millimeter(mm)-wave radar system is used to differentiate between blood samples of disparate glucose concentrations in the range 0.5 to 3.5 mg/mL. The proposed radar sensing mechanism shows greater capabilities for remote detection of blood glucose inside test tubes through detecting minute changes in their dielectric properties. In particular, the reflected mm-waves that represent unique signatures for the internal synthesis and composition of the tested blood samples, are collected from the multi-channels of the radar and analyzed using signal processing techniques to identify different glucose concentrations and correlate them to the reflected mm-wave readings. The mm-wave spectrum is chosen for glucose sensing in this study after a set of preliminary experiments that investigated the dielectric permittivity behavior of glucose-loaded solutions across different frequency bands. In this regard, a newly-developed commercial coaxial probe kit (DAK-TL) is used to characterize the electromagnetic properties of glucose-loaded samples in a broad range of frequencies from 300 MHz to 67 GHz using two different 50 Ω open-coaxial probes. This would help to determine the portion of the frequency spectrum that is more sensitive to slight variations in glucose concentrations as indicated by the amount of change in the dielectric constant and loss tangent parameters due to the different concentrations under test. The mm-wave frequency range 50 to 67 GHz has shown to be promising for acquiring both high sensitivity and sufficient penetration depth for the most interaction between the glucose molecules and electromagnetic waves. The processed results have indicated the reliability of using mm-wave radars in identifying changes in blood glucose levels while monitoring trends among those variations. Particularly, blood samples of higher glucose concentrations are correlated with reflected mm-wave signals of greater energy. The proposed system could likely be adapted in the future as a portable non-invasive continuous blood glucose level monitoring for daily use by diabetics.

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Section: Working Principle Of the Proposed Radar Systemmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The transceiver chip is co-developed by Infineon using Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) process technology that realizes a high level of physical miniaturization by direct placement of patch array antenna into package (AiP). More details about the hardware architecture of the radar chip can be found in [76]. One interesting property of this mm-wave radar is the high-resolution capability that enables resolving the illuminated target, of relatively greater thickness than the radar range resolution, into more than a single range bin at a frequency peak.…”

Section: Working Principle Of the Proposed Radar Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Glucose Level Monitoring Using an FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensor

et al. 2020

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“…Despite these differences, the Soli radar HAL (Section 4.8) allows us to use both chips interchangeably. Detailed discussion of the Soli radar chip is beyond the scope of this paper; see [Nasr et al 2015;Nasr et al 2016] for more details of the FMCW radar chip design. Below we highlight the main hardware design principles and features critical for gesture sensing applications:…”

Section: Soli Radar Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soli

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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This paper presents Soli, a new, robust, high-resolution, low-power, miniature gesture sensing technology for human-computer interaction based on millimeter-wave radar. We describe a new approach to developing a radar-based sensor optimized for human-computer interaction, building the sensor architecture from the ground up with the inclusion of radar design principles, high temporal resolution gesture tracking, a hardware abstraction layer (HAL), a solidstate radar chip and system architecture, interaction models and gesture vocabularies, and gesture recognition. We demonstrate that Soli can be used for robust gesture recognition and can track gestures with sub-millimeter accuracy, running at over 10,000 frames per second on embedded hardware.

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“…N EW millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications, including automotive radars, presence and motion detection, and gesture recognition, are stimulating the development of low-cost radar sensors in CMOS [1]- [4]. The high cutoff frequency of transistors in modern scaled CMOS technologies allows integration of the mm-wave RF transceiver together with a comprehensive digital core required for the sensor DSP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 23-GHz Low-Phase-Noise Digital Bang–Bang PLL for Fast Triangular and Sawtooth Chirp Modulation

Cherniak

Grimaldi

Bertulessi

et al. 2018

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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This paper describes a 23-GHz digital bang-bang phase-locked loop (PLL) fabricated in 65-nm CMOS for millimeter-wave frequency-modulated continuous-wave radars. The presented circuit aims to generate a fast sawtooth chirp signal that grants significant advantages with respect to the more conventional triangular waveform. Such a signal, however, features a very large bandwidth that requires the adoption of a two-point injection scheme. This paper, after intuitively discussing how the nonlinearity of the digitally controlled oscillator affects the accuracy of frequency modulation, presents a novel automatic pre-distortion engine, operating fully in background, which linearizes the tuning characteristic. The 19.7-mA fractional-N PLL having an rms jitter of 213 fs and an in-band fractional spur of −58 dBc is capable of synthesizing fast chirps with 173-MHz/µs maximum slope and an idle time of less than 200 ns after an abrupt frequency step with no over or undershoot.

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A Highly Integrated 60 GHz 6-Channel Transceiver With Antenna in Package for Smart Sensing and Short-Range Communications

Cited by 157 publications

References 15 publications

Blood Glucose Level Monitoring Using an FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensor

Blood Glucose Level Monitoring Using an FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensor

Soli

A 23-GHz Low-Phase-Noise Digital Bang–Bang PLL for Fast Triangular and Sawtooth Chirp Modulation

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