A Highly Reliable Arbiter PUF With Improved Uniqueness in FPGA Implementation Using Bit-Self-Test

He, Zishu; Chen, Wanbo; Zhang, Lingchao; Chi, Gaojun; Gao, Qi; Harn, Lein

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3028514

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The proposed protocol is designed based on BST-PUF, which can generate the reliability flag [27], and the PUF model is shown in Figure 2. The PUF can generate a response R and a reliable flag F when the challenge C is input, and F can be used as the reliability of a response to pre-process the original PUF response.…”

Section: Proposed Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, an authentication protocol is designed based on BST-PUF [27], and the security authentication can be performed between a cryptographic device with a PUF entity and the server. There is no need to use FE or any ECCs on the device during protocol execution, while pseudorandom functions are used instead of symmetric encryption algorithms, which further reduces the execution overhead of the device.…”

Section: Proposed Authentication Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since arbiter PUFs (APUFs) have lower hardware requirements than RO PUFs and provide a larger number of CRPs than memory-based PUF, we have chosen the scheme in [27], which applies the BST-PUF strategy to the arbiter PUF circuit as the implementation of the PUF section in the proposed protocol. It is known that the BST strategy can be applied to a variety of PUFs and is not limited to a particular PUF.…”

Section: Implementation and Performance Evaluation Of The Bst-pufmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this paper starts the research from the lightweight PUF reliability enhancement method and the helper data algorithm based on PUF, proposing a lightweight HDA model based on BST-PUF [27]. In the key generation and recovery process, a reliable response is extracted from the original response R by using the reliable flag F, and then an entropy extractor is used to generate a high entropy key that is reliable and uniform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Lightweight and Practical Anonymous Authentication Protocol Based on Bit-Self-Test PUF

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2022

Electronics

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Physical unclonable function (PUF), a cryptographic primitive, has recently been used in protocol design because it can ensure a tamper-evident feature. In many PUF-based protocol schemes, helper data algorithms (HDA) or fuzzy extractors (FE) are used to generate strong keys from unreliable PUF responses. However, these methods inevitably introduce complex error correction techniques, which not only increase the overhead of embedded devices but also pose some security risks. We propose a novel HDA technology, which does not use any high-overhead error correction mechanism, greatly reducing the implementation complexity and execution overhead. The novel HDA exploits the strategy of bit-self-test (BST) and the PUF can extract the robust responses by using the real-time generated reliable flags, and then an entropy extractor is used to generate the reliable and random key with high entropy. Based on this novel HDA, we design a lightweight anonymous authentication protocol. The protocol uses pseudo-random function (PRF) and XOR operation instead of the traditional hash function and symmetric encryption algorithm, which ensures security while reducing the overhead. Moreover, the proposed protocol does not require the server to store a large number of challenge–response pairs (CRPs), which reduces the storage overhead on the server while avoiding the risk of leakage of CRPs. Moreover, the device identity ID is updated during each round of the authentication process, which prevents the device from being tracked and protects the privacy of the device. The implementation and performance analysis of the protocol prototype on a Zynq-7000 SoC XC7Z010 FPGA shows that the proposed scheme solves the problems encountered with existing schemes and has additional security properties.

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Section: Proposed Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Authentication Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementation and Performance Evaluation Of The Bst-pufmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Lightweight and Practical Anonymous Authentication Protocol Based on Bit-Self-Test PUF

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2022

Electronics

Self Cite

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“…For the PUF, it is required to generate the same response for the same challenge and generate a new response for each challenge. In literature, many architectures of PUFs have been proposed and implemented, such as Ring Oscillator PUF (RO-PUF) [6]- [9], Arbiter PUF [10], [11], Transient Effect Ring Oscillator PUF (TERO-PUF) [12]- [15], and SRAM PUF [16]- [19]. The Arbiter PUF is delaybased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Low Power Oscillator Collapse Physical Unclonable Function Based on FinFET

et al. 2021

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The main purpose of this paper is to achieve ultra-low power Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) to meet the requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. PUFs are promising hardware security primitives that are based on the uniqueness and the unclonability of the device's physical characteristics to provide a unique identifier for devices. PUFs can be used in device authentication and for secure key storage and generation. This paper presents Oscillator Collapse Physical Unclonable Function (OC-PUF), which is suitable for low power applications. The power consumption is reduced based on designing the most power-hungry modules in the OC-PUF. An Oscillator Collapse (OC) is designed to work in the near-threshold voltage region, which reduces the power consumption. More power reduction is achieved by designing a new Collapse Time Comparator (CTC). Due to the process variations, the oscillations period of each OC is different. The CTC generates the output response bit by comparing the oscillations periods of the two selected OCs. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed OC-PUF can effectively reduce the power consumption. The proposed PUF is designed using 20 nm triple gate FinFET technology. The Simulation results for 1000 different chips with the same input challenge, show that the average power is 140 nW, with the worst case being 740 nW. The best case is 63 nW per challenge-response pair at supply voltage 0.5 V. The averaged reliability of the OC-PUF is 99.8%, at temperatures from-40 to 125 • C and supply voltage 0.5 ± 10%. The proposed OC-PUF decreases the power consumption while retaining high-performance metrics. INDEX TERMS Authentication, hardware security, low power consumption, process variation, reliability, transient effect of ring oscillator.

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A Novel Physical Unclonable Function Based on Silver Nanowire Networks

Liu

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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As digital security demands continue to rise, physical unclonable functions (PUFs) have emerged as a potential solution for providing unique identifiers and cryptographic keys. However, conventional memory‐based PUFs have limited encoding capacity, which can compromise their security. Herein, an Ag nanowire‐based PUF that offers a high encoding capacity is introduced. The prototype PUF leverages the intrinsic topology of the nanowire network for encoding, which enables to achieve encoding capacities that are on the order of nn−2. The encoding method for a 4‐node PUF is validated and its encoding capacity distribution at binary and ternary bit levels is assessed. The ternary bit encoding method allows for more detailed differentiation of the internal topological connection structure of the PUF, resulting in a larger encoding capacity. Additionally, an authentication system that is proposed. For a 7 × 7 array PUF, the estimated decryption time is ≈1.5*1058 years, demonstrating the PUF's resistance to attacks. The Ag nanowire‐based PUF design offers a promising approach to enhancing authentication system security and overcoming limitations of existing PUFs. Further exploration of this innovative PUF technology in the realm of hardware security can have significant implications for digital security in modern devices.

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A Highly Reliable Arbiter PUF With Improved Uniqueness in FPGA Implementation Using Bit-Self-Test

Cited by 47 publications

References 44 publications

A Lightweight and Practical Anonymous Authentication Protocol Based on Bit-Self-Test PUF

A Lightweight and Practical Anonymous Authentication Protocol Based on Bit-Self-Test PUF

Ultra-Low Power Oscillator Collapse Physical Unclonable Function Based on FinFET

A Novel Physical Unclonable Function Based on Silver Nanowire Networks

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