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<p>Iron is one of the most abundant
elements in the environment and in the human body. As an essential nutrient,
iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and iron dysregulation is implicated in
numerous pathologies, including neuro-degenerative diseases, atherosclerosis,
and diabetes. Endogenous iron pool concentrations are directly linked to iron
ion uptake from environmental sources such as drinking water, providing
motivation for developing new technologies for assessing iron(II) and iron(III)
levels in water. However, conventional methods for measuring aqueous iron pools
remain laborious and costly and often require sophisticated equipment and/or
additional processing steps to remove the iron ions from the original
environmental source. We now report a simplified and accurate chemical platform
for capturing and quantifying the iron present in aqueous samples through use
of a post-synthetically modified porous aromatic framework (PAF). The
ether/thioether-functionalized network polymer, PAF-1-ET, exhibits high
selectivity for the uptake of iron(II) and iron(III) over other physiologically
and environmentally relevant metal ions. Mössbauer spectroscopy, XANES, and
EXAFS measurements provide evidence to support iron(III) coordination to
oxygen-based ligands within the material. The polymer is further successfully
employed to adsorb and remove iron ions from groundwater, including field
sources in West Bengal, India. Combined with an 8-hydroxyquinoline colorimetric
indicator, PAF-1-ET enables the simple and direct determination of the iron(II)
and iron(III) ion concentrations in these samples, providing a starting point
for the design and use of molecularly-functionalized porous materials for
potential dual detection and remediation applications.</p></div>