A histological reconstruction of dental development in the common chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes

Reid, Donald J.; Schwartz, Gary T.; Dean, Christopher; Chandrasekera, Malkanthi

doi:10.1006/jhev.1998.0248

Cited by 153 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The distolingual cusp (entoconid or hypocone) is consistently reported to be the fourth cusp to begin calcification (followed by the hypoconulid in mandibular molars). Reid et al (1998a), however, presented histological data on a single M 1 that suggested an order of mesiolingual, mesiobuccal, distolingual, and distobuccal, which they related to the fact that ''principal maxillary cusps'' (mesiolingual and distolingual) are generally larger, rounder, and have thicker enamel, and therefore initiate earlier than the respective mesio-and distobuccal cusps. Even less is known about the sequence or timing of cusp completion, partially due to the difficulty of assessing this from radiographic studies, and the time-consuming nature of histological studies.…”

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To register cusps (or teeth) forming at the same time, accentuated lines in the enamel or dentine are usually identified and matched between cusps (or teeth). Alternatively, cessation of formation at death in developing teeth also allows cusps to be registered with one another (e.g., Dirks, 1998;Reid et al, 1998a;Smith et al, 2006).…”

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past two decades, several studies have reported on incremental development in chimpanzee molar teeth (Martin, 1983;Beynon et al, 1991;Beynon and Reid, 1995;Beynon et al, 1998a;Dean, 1998a;Reid et al, 1998a;Shellis, 1998). However, most of these studies were exploratory, and did not examine variation within and between individuals.…”

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of these studies were exploratory, and did not examine variation within and between individuals. Reid et al (1998a) presented data on partial and full dentitions of four individuals and three isolated teeth of unknown origin. At the time, their study represented the largest data set on incremental development in nonhuman hominoids, providing the first histological estimates of total crown formation time and age at crown completion in chimpanzees.…”

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also unknown to what extent the timing and sequence of molar cusp formation may vary, and to what degree sequential molar crowns show variation in developmental overlap with one another. For example, there appears to be some disagreement between radiographic/dissection-based studies (Oka and Kraus, 1969;Tarrant and Swindler, 1972;Moxham and Berkovitz, 1974;Siebert and Swindler, 1991;Winkler, 1995) and the histological study of Reid et al (1998a) concerning the order of cuspal initiation in chimpanzee maxillary teeth. Dissectionbased studies have reported that the first cusp to calcify in both mandibular and maxillary molars is the mesiobuccal cusp (protoconid or paracone), which is generally followed by the mesiolingual cusp (metaconid or protocone), followed by the distobuccal cusp (hypoconid or metacone).…”

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molar development in common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Smith

Reid

Dean

et al. 2007

Journal of Human Evolution

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Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incremental Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Molar development in common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Smith

Reid

Dean

et al. 2007

Journal of Human Evolution

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Jaws and teeth ofAustralopithecus afarensis from Maka, Middle Awash, Ethiopia

White

Suwa

Simpson

et al. 2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

106

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The Maka locality in Ethiopia's Middle Awash area has yielded new craniodental remains dated to 3.4 million years (myr) in age. These remains are described and assessed functionally and systematically. The fossils are assigned to Australopithecus afarensis. Maka thus joins Hadar and Laetoli as the third major locality yielding this species. As with previous site samples, the Maka collection displays a wide range of size variation. The nearly complete and undistorted MAK-VP-1/12 adult mandible from Maka is an excellent match for Hadar and Laetoli counterparts, confirming the geographic and temporal distribution of A. afarensis. This specimen shows that this taxon is functionally and developmentally hominid in its incisor/canine/premolar complex. A postulated evolutionary trajectory through A. anamensis to A. afarensis would have involved postcanine megadontia and other adaptations to a more heavily masticated diet relative to the earlier Ardipithecus ramidus.

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Taxonomic and functional aspects of the patterning of enamel thickness distribution in extant large-bodied hominoids

Schwartz

2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

162

133

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One of the few uncontested viewpoints in studies of enamel thickness is that the molars of the African apes, Pan and Gorilla, possess "thin" enamel, while Pongo and modern humans possess varying degrees of "thick" enamel, even when interspecific differences in overall body or tooth size are taken into account. Such studies focus primarily on estimates of the total volume of enamel relative to tooth size (i.e., "relative" enamel thickness), as this is thought to bear directly on questions concerning dietary proclivities and phylogenetic relationships. Only recently have studies shifted focus to examining differences in the distribution of enamel across the tooth crown, i.e., the patterning of enamel thickness, as this may contribute to more refined models of tooth function and dietary adaptations in extant hominoids. Additionally, this feature has been suggested to be a reliable indicator of taxonomic affinity in early hominins, though no study has specifically addressed whether species-specific patterns exist among known phena. The aims of this paper were to test more explicitly whether enamel thickness patterning provides valuable taxonomic, functional, and/or phylogenetic information for maxillary molars of large-bodied extant hominoids. A series of seven linear enamel thickness measurements was recorded in the plane of the mesial cusps in cross sections of a total of 62 maxillary molars of P. troglodytes, G. gorilla, P. pygmaeus, and H. sapiens to estimate the patterning of enamel thickness distribution. Results from a discriminant function analysis reveal that, overall, this trait reclassifies extant hominoid maxillary molars with 90% accuracy: 100% of extant Homo, 75. 0% of Pongo, 83.3% of Pan, and 66.7% of Gorilla are reclassified correctly, indicating that this feature possesses a strong taxonomic signal. Furthermore, differences in the structure of the enamel cap are evident among hominoids: modern humans differ from Pongo in possessing proportionally thicker enamel in areas of the crown associated with shearing activity; Pan molars are better designed than those of Gorilla for generating a greater component of crushing/grinding loads. Thus, African ape molars are structurally dissimilar, even though they are both considered to belong to a morphologically homogeneous "thin-enameled" group. Simple developmental mechanisms can be invoked to explain the sometimes subtle differences in the achievement of adult morphology. For instance, human and orangutan molar cusps possess a similar degree of enamel thickness, but the possibility exists that despite similarities in morphology, each species follows a different sequence of secretory activity of enamel to achieve the final, albeit similar, degree of enamel thickness. Such a finding would suggest that the shared possession of "thick" or "thin" enamel among species may be phylogenetically uninformative, as it would not represent a developmental synapomorphy.

show abstract

A histological reconstruction of dental development in the common chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes

Cited by 153 publications

References 41 publications

Molar development in common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Molar development in common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Jaws and teeth ofAustralopithecus afarensis from Maka, Middle Awash, Ethiopia

Taxonomic and functional aspects of the patterning of enamel thickness distribution in extant large-bodied hominoids

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