The purpose of this case report is to compare the clinical and histopathologic features of granular cell ameloblastoma with critical review on literature. Data with respect to the histologic types regarding tumor with higher recurrence rates are also investigated. Numerous cases of ameloblastoma have been reported in the literature. However, only a few articles discuss granular cell ameloblastoma and few closely examine their nature and pathogenesis. In this case report, we analyzed the clinical and histopathologic features of granular cell ameloblastoma. a very coarse, granular eosinophilic appearance. Granular cell variety of ameloblastoma appears to be an aggressive lesion with a marked proclivity for recurrence. In addition, several cases of this type have been reported as metastasizing. The lesion have been shown to recur, particularly following inadequate surgical treatment [10].
Case ReportA female patient aged 34 yrs complains of swelling of left side gingiva in the region of canine and premolar since 1 yr. Which was smaller in size and gradually grown to present size, with difficulty in chewing as the growth is interfering in occlusion. On examination the sessile growth originated from left side of gingiva both lingually and buccally in relation to premolars. Which was approximately of 3×4 cm in size and superiorly above the occlusal plane and inferiorly the buccal vestibule. The lesion extends anteriorly from canine and posteriorly till mesial aspect of first molar. It was non tender and no lymphadenopathy felt. After routine blood investigations the patient posted for excisional biopsy. Under general anesthesia peripheral osteotomy performed and specimen sent for histopathology diagnosis.Histopathological report of excisional biopsy taken from right buccal vestibule in relation to 45 & 46 region revealed islands of ameloblastic epithelium in a fibrous connective tissue stroma. The centre of the island shows granular cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and central nucleus. These features are suggestive of granular cell variant of ameloblastoma.
DiscussionThe granular cell ameloblastoma is characterized by the presence of large masses of granular cells located within the follicles ( Figure 1). This occurs in 1% -5% of cases [15,16]. The cells are large, round, or polyhedral, and densely packed with eosinophilic granules and frequently demonstrate well-defined borders but, in some instances, form a syncytium. The nuclei are generally pyknotic and eccentrically displaced (Figures 2 and 3). The cells replace all or part of the stellate reticulum and, quite often the peripheral cells as well [15,17]. The granular cells are periodic acid-Schiff-positive and diastase resistant [18]. In our case much similar histopathologic finding of granular cell variant seen clearly.