A Histopathological Study of Endometrial Biopsy Samples in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common health issue in women, defined as any bleeding pattern that differs in frequency, duration, and amount. Endometrial sampling and its histopathological examination is the first-line test in patients presenting with AUB. The aim of this study was to analyze the histopathological patterns of endometrium in women with AUB and to find the predominant histopathologic pattern in the different age groups of women with AUB.

Results of Endometrial Sampling in a Tertiary Hospital

“…Secretory endometrium incidence in our study was 25.5%. In the literature, similar incidences of secretory endometrium were found at 18% [7].…”

“…In our study, the most common symptom of abnormal uterine bleeding was menorrhagia found in 91.5% of patients. Menorrhagia is the most common complaint in the younger age group and the perimenopausal age group, both in our study and in the literature [ 7 ]. A total of 43 patients (8.5%) have undergone endometrial sampling due to postmenopausal bleeding.…”

“…In our study, the most common pathological finding was proliferative endometrium found in 190 (37.6%) cases. In a study by Vijayaraghavan Sr et al, its occurrence was found as 35% [ 7 ]. Secretory endometrium incidence in our study was 25.5%.…”

Recent Advancements in Subcellular Proteomics: Growing Impact of Organellar Protein Niches on the Understanding of Cell Biology

“…Time-lapse microscopy is the most effective approach. 116,117 In contrast, fixed cells labeled with fluorescent antibodies are preferred for mapping proteins difficult to tag or express or for analyzing the static localization of multiple proteins in the cell. 57 However, both methods can be used for comparative studies to detect one protein in different cell types under varying test conditions.…”

“…To observe organellar protein movement, it is crucial to maintain cell viability by ensuring optimal temperature and CO 2 levels. Time-lapse microscopy is the most effective approach. , In contrast, fixed cells labeled with fluorescent antibodies are preferred for mapping proteins difficult to tag or express or for analyzing the static localization of multiple proteins in the cell . However, both methods can be used for comparative studies to detect one protein in different cell types under varying test conditions. − Staining concentration, incubation time, and imaging interval/frequency should be determined empirically to minimize cytotoxicity and maintain cellular function (Figure ).…”