A histopathological study of granulomatous lesions

Abstract

Background: Granulomas are the commonest lesions that the pathologists come across in routine practice. Granulomatous inflammation is a special type of chronic inflammation that is a manifestation of many infective, toxic, allergic, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases and also conditions of unknown etiology. The aim of this study is to analyze different granulomatous lesions and to find the frequency and etiology of all granulomatous lesions.Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 218 granulomatous lesions, received over a period of one year from July 2013 to June 2014 in the department of pathology, TUTH. Special stains like Ziehl-Neelsen, PAS and Wade- Fite- Faraco were done whenever required.Results: Granulomatous lesion accounted for 3% of all biopsies. The median age of the patients was 29 years and the majority of the patients were in the age group of 20-29 years with no sex predilection. Majority of granulomas were seen in lymph nodes (32.1%), followed by skin and subcutis (29.4%), and bones and joints (11%). Tuberculosis was the most common cause of granuloma with 143 (65.6%) cases, followed by leprosy, foreign body and fungal infection. The most common type of granuloma was epithelioid (87.2%), followed by epithelioid with suppuration, histiocytic, foreign body and mixed inflammatory.Conclusion: The granulomatous lesion is common in third decade of life with no sex predominance. The commonest site is lymph node with tuberculosis being the most common cause followed by leprosy. The epithelioid type was the most common type of granuloma.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Effective Management of Patients with Granulomatous Inflammation in Neoplastic and NonNeoplastic Lesions

“…Sehgal et al observed in their study that granulomas can be seen in draining lymph nodes of patients with malignancy and in both Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 23 Sometimes, cytological findings of granulomas in carcinoma and lymphoma obscure primary malignancy and may favour the underdiagnosis of such cases as infectious etiologies. For appropriate and timely management of these cases, proper identification of the cause of granulomatous inflammation is mandatory.…”

Histopathological Review and Distribution of Granulomatous Inflammatory Disorders in Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

“…They may also [3] coalesce to form multinucleated giant cells. The aetiology of granulomatous disorders are broadly classified into infections, autoimmune, toxic, allergies, [4,5] neoplastic, foreign body, fungal, helminthic, bacterial, and unknown causes. The pathogenesis of granulomas is hinged on the production of mediators from \2 For Reprint Contact: jrbcs.org@gmail.com J Res Bas Clin Sci | Vol 2 | No 2 | 2021 activated macrophages, especially interferon-gamma (INF-γ) from myeloid precursors maturing into [6] monocytes in the peripheral circulation.…”