A history of neotectonic studies in Ontario

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

“…Factors such as rebound or decompression (elastic recovery) from flexure or compression of the lithosphere by ice masses, past glacial erosion or redistribution of sediment overburden, porewater pressure changes, sea-level changes, and release of locked-in stresses or elastically stored tectonic stresses have been discussed (Mörner, 1978;Gudmundsson, 1994;Mörner, 1995;Arvidsson, 1996;Beck et al, 1996;Firth and Stewart, 2000;Fjeldskaar et al, 2000;Muir-Wood, 2000;Stewart et al, 2000;Wu and Johnston, 2000;Zoback and Grollimund, 2001;Karrow and White, 2002;Persaud and Pfiffner, 2004;Becker et al, 2005;Wu and Mazzotti, 2007;Lagerbäck and Sundh, 2008;Turpeinen et al, 2008;Gregersen and Voss, 2009;Bungum et al, 2010;Calais et al, 2010;Hampel et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2010). Despite some ongoing debates, it seems likely that the large-scale unloading of continental ice masses is sufficient to generate, enhance, or trigger seismicity on a regional scale.…”

Modeling of the thermo-hydro-mechanical–chemical response of sedimentary rocks to past glaciations

“…This section reviews the available literature data on relevant palaeohydrological records of the study area that can be used as a tool to validate the developed model and predict the impact of past glaciations on rock formations in southern Ontario. Numerous studies on the hydrological, geochemical and geomorphological features have shown that the site was glaciated several times during the Pleistocene [19][20][21][22]. The maximum thickness of the ice sheet during the last glaciation in North America was estimated to be 3000 m [14], with an ice thickness of about 2500 m in the study area.…”

“…The third observation involves geomorphologic features, such as the Woodstock drumlin that resulted from moving glaciers [19] and glacial loading/unloading induced features such as faults, folds, liquefaction of soft sediments, and high horizontal in situ stresses [20].…”

“… 20. shows the history of the vertical water flow velocity for a zero surface pressure BC a depth of 680 m, where the DGR would be located.…”