A history of North American birds / by S. F. Baird, T. M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway.

Baird, Spencer Fullerton; Brewer, T. M.; Ridgway, Robert

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.12713

Cited by 28 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Offset technique has a unique advantage over dithering [6], rotated DWA (RDWA) [9], and randomized DWA of this work: most of the mismatch noise energy is contained in the tones outside the baseband. This keeps the baseband clean and improves SNR.…”

Section: Offset Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%

“…This implies that total number of selections of each unit (for all past codes) could not differ from the other units by more than 1 (6) and represent selection of unit and at time .…”

Section: Randomized Dwamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…if is selected more than required by condition (6), 0 if is selected according to (6), and 1 if is selected less than required by (6).…”

Section: Randomized Dwamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect can be traced back to the cyclic nature of selection of DAC units when the input to modulator is small. Dithering has been proposed for removal of these tones [6], but improvement in tonal performance is accompanied by SNR degradation, dynamic range reduction and instability [6]. Technique of "randomized DWA" discussed in Section IV will achieve the randomization effect without adding external dither.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the course of multi-bit -modulators [6]- [8], it has been found that using DWA causes in-band tones for certain level of input signals. This effect can be traced back to the cyclic nature of selection of DAC units when the input to modulator is small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Techniques for preventing tonal behavior of data weighted averaging algorithm in /spl Sigma/#x03A3;-/spl Delta/#x0394; modulators

Vadipour

2000

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II

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Two techniques for prevention of in-band tones in DWA mismatch noise shaping algorithm are presented. "Offset technique" moves in-band tones away from baseband, improving SNR by 10 dB, and attenuates maximum in-band tone by as much as 25 dB. "Randomized DWA" is a combination of simultaneous randomization and DWA, which attenuates tonal behavior in all frequencies, preventing aliasing of tones or tone shifting for any arbitrary input signal.Index Terms-A/D and D/A converters, data-weighted averaging, sigma-delta modulators.

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Section: Offset Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%

“…This implies that total number of selections of each unit (for all past codes) could not differ from the other units by more than 1 (6) and represent selection of unit and at time .…”

Section: Randomized Dwamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…if is selected more than required by condition (6), 0 if is selected according to (6), and 1 if is selected less than required by (6).…”

Section: Randomized Dwamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Techniques for preventing tonal behavior of data weighted averaging algorithm in /spl Sigma/#x03A3;-/spl Delta/#x0394; modulators

Vadipour

2000

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II

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Formation of Acetylenes by Ring-Opening of 1,1,2-Trihalocyclopropanes

Sydnes¹

2000

Eur. J. Org. Chem.

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This review describes studies into the conversion of substituted 1,1,2-trihalocyclopropanes into acetylenic acetals and acetylenic ketals by application of alcohols or alkoxides under basic conditions. The acetal/ketal ratio turned out to depend both on the substituents attached to the ring and on the reaction conditions prevailing during the reaction. Under the right conditions, however, completely regioselective ringopening occurs to give either acetylenic acetals or acetylenic [a] . His main research interest is synthetic chemistry, with particular emphasis on the application of cyclopropanes as starting materials and photochemical transformations as a means to incorporate particular structural features into molecules with regiochemical and stereochemical control. He is also involved in studies of oxidation reactions; these are applied to investigation of the degradation of anthropogenic organic compounds in the laboratory as well as under natural conditions in the marine environment.MICROREVIEWS: This feature introduces the readers to the authors' research through a concise overview of the selected topic. Reference to important work from others in the field is included. 3511ketals, with formation of either no or only minor amounts of other products. The reactions are thought to involve cyclopropene intermediates, which are consumed by nucleophilic attack of alcohol or alkoxide. In some cases, the cyclopropene intermediates rearrange to the corresponding vinyl carbenes, which undergo insertion reactions with protic species present in the reaction mixture and give various 2-propenal derivatives as by-products.

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Eine ungewöhnliche Addition von 1,2‐Alkadienyliden‐Carbenen an 1,3‐Diene; 1,4‐Addition an starre und flexible 1,3‐Diene

et al. 1991

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wandlung von H,C=CHR in HC=CHR (R = iPr, Ph) in einem einkernigen Rheniumkomplex mit tBuOK als Base haben Gladysz und Mitarbeiter kiirzlich berichtetIL41, wobei vermutlich die positive Ladung am Metallzentrum fur den Reaktionsverlauf entscheidend ist. A rhcitsvorschrIften 8: Eine Suspension von 121 mg (0.15 mmol) 6[15] in lOmL iPrOH wird mit 500 mg (4.72 mmol) Na,CO, und 0.4 mL (3.17 mmol) H,C=CHrBu versetzt und 3 h auf 75' C erwarmt. Nach dem Abkuhlen wird das Solvens entfernt. der Ruckstand init 25 mL Pentan extrahiert und der Extrakt im Vakuum zur Trockne eingeengt. Das verbleibende rotbrdune81 wird in 4 mL Hexan gelost und die Losung iiber AI,O, (neutral, Aktivitatsstufe V. Siulenhohe 20 cm) chromatogrdphiert. Mit Hcxan wird zuerst eine ordngefarbene und danach eine gelbe Fraktion eluiert. Von letzterer wird das Solvens ahgezogen und der Riickstand aus 2 mL Pentan bei -78 C umkristallisiert. Man erhilt gelbe. kurzzeitig luftatabile Krislalle; Ausbeule 30 mg (30%); Pp = 154°C (Zers.). Korrekte Elementaranalyse. 10: Herstellung analog 8. ausgehend von 9[8]. in Ethanol; rote Kristalle; Ausheute 59%; Fp = 159 C (Zers ). Korrekte Elementaranalyse. Eingegangen am 22. Mirz 1991 [Z 45211 _ _ _ _~ [I] a) P. 0. Stoutland. R. G. Bergman, J Am. Chem. Soc. 107 (1985) 4581; b) J. Silvestre, M. J. Calhorda, R. Hoffmann, P. 0. Stoutland, R. G . Bergman, Ur~un~nietallic.rS(1986) 1841. c ) P. 0. Stoutland, R. G. Bergman, J Am. Chem. Soc. 110 (1988) 5732. Fur umgekehrte Reihenfolge der thermo-~~ ~

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A history of North American birds / by S. F. Baird, T. M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway.

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Techniques for preventing tonal behavior of data weighted averaging algorithm in /spl Sigma/#x03A3;-/spl Delta/#x0394; modulators

Techniques for preventing tonal behavior of data weighted averaging algorithm in /spl Sigma/#x03A3;-/spl Delta/#x0394; modulators

Formation of Acetylenes by Ring-Opening of 1,1,2-Trihalocyclopropanes

Eine ungewöhnliche Addition von 1,2‐Alkadienyliden‐Carbenen an 1,3‐Diene; 1,4‐Addition an starre und flexible 1,3‐Diene

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