A History of the Concept of Ideology

Rouček, Joseph S.

doi:10.2307/2707082

Cited by 29 publications

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“…SeeAdams (1989),Althusser (1971),Bergmann (1951),Birnbaum (1960), Carlsnaes (1981,Cox (1969), Cunningham (1973,Dittberner (1979), Eagleton (1991), Elster(1982),Goldie (1989),Hall et al (1977),Halle (1972),Hirst (1979),Huaco (1971),Keohane (1976),Laclau (1977),Larrain (1979Larrain ( , 1983,Lichtheim (1967), Manning(1980),Manning and Robinson (1985),McLellan (1986),Partridge (1961),Plamenatz (1970),Ritsert (1990),Roucek (1944), Seliger (1976,Therborn (1980),Thompson (1984),and Williams (1988). at UNIV OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ on March 31, 2015 prq.sagepub.com Downloaded from…”

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confidence: 99%

Ideology: A Definitional Analysis

Gerring

1997

Political Research Quarterly

357

116

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What does &dquo;ideology&dquo; mean? As a preliminary step to answering this muchasked question, I collected what seemed to be the most thoughtful and/or influential definitions circulating within the social sciences in the postwar decades. A quick perusal of these definitions reveals the extent to which ideology remains a highly flexible conceptual tool (see Table 1). One is struck not only by the cumulative number of different attributes that writers find essential, but by their more than occasional contradictions. To some, ideology is dogmatic, while to others it carries connotations of political sophistication; to some it refers to dominant modes of thought, and to others it refers primarily to those most alienated by the status quo (e.g., revolutionary movements and parties). To some it is based in the concrete interests of a social class, while to others it is characterized by an absence of economic self-interest. One could continue, but the point is already apparent: not only is ideology farflung, it also encompasses a good many definitional traits which are directly at odds with one another.Indeed, it has become customary to begin any discussion of ideology with some observation concerning its semantic promiscuity.2 Few concepts in the social science lexicon have occasioned so much discussion, so much NOTE: I would like to thank several anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on various versions of this manuscript.1 Since it was not always possible to find a parsimonious statement of the writer's understanding of the concept, in these cases I strung together the most important passages in his or her discussion or paraphrased the discussion.

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confidence: 99%

Ideology: A Definitional Analysis

Gerring

1997

Political Research Quarterly

357

116

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“…IDEOLOGY Roucek (1944) says: "Every model of thought, every philosophical or cultural product, begins with a specific social group from which it originates and with which its existence is connected. These patterns of thinking are 'ideologies.…”

Section: Theory Of Civilizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing Science and International Relations: Transdisciplinarity of the Concepts Civilization, Ideology, and Geopolitics

Kuçi

2022

InformingSciJ

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Aim/Purpose: The integration of knowledge through the transdisciplinary method with the three concepts civilization, ideology, and geopolitics (CIG) enables the analysis of international relations in a new perspective and the informing strategists of countries, organizations, analysts, clients, etc. These three concepts express the transdisciplinarity that offers a new theoretical explanation and the informing science approach. Background: The integration of knowledge using the three concepts for the analysis of international relations has found adequate explanations from 1890 until the withdrawal of the United States from Afghanistan. Therefore, the CIG model theoretically and practically finds support for more than a century, as argued in the paper. Methodology: The present paper uses a mixed theory based on transdisciplinary methodology and informing science. The literature was reviewed to find and build the theoretical basis and provide appropriate examples. The theory is also based on the model used by Francis Fukuyama in his books on building and dissolution of states (middle-range theory). Contribution: This paper enables the rethinking of the limitations of research on a theoretical and practical basis that is done in many scientific circles, not to eliminate others but to enrich science even more. Findings: In the paper, the main findings are the following: Integrating the three CIG concepts according to the transdisciplinary method offers a new perspective to explain international relations using the IS method; The integration of the three concepts is worthwhile after 1980, when the model of cabinet governments falls, Bismarck falls, and public opinion starts to emerge; It was after 1980 that theories of civilization and geopolitics began to emerge along with ideologies to apply in practice; These three concepts offer explanations based on a CIG zone and in the periphery of the CIG zone. In the CIG zone the security sphere is more stable and long-term, while in periphery the cooperation is temporary and not long termed; The paper shows that the Cold War period is divided into two periods; The paper also finds that CIG explains with examples the events that happened after the Cold War and until present days; The paper also shows, based on the strategies of the superpowers, how they are extending their influence based on the CIG concepts. The paper also shows new patterns of cooperation and clashes between the superpowers’ security zones, which also provide an explanatory perspective for the USA withdrawal from Afghanistan. (We do not talk in the paper about the Afghanistan issue and USA withdrawal). Recommendation for Researchers: Scientific attributes in the integration of knowledge give researchers a more open and comprehensive perspective to make more accurate and practical analyses of international relations. According to this model, other theories are enriched that use the transdisciplinary method, IS, and the CIG as a model for the integration of knowledge. Future Research: Researchers and practitioners of this CIG model can find answers such as “Why did the USA fail in Afghanistan and why was it successful in Kosovo?” as well as other questions about finding a solution for Iraq, cooperation with China, etc.

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“…Ideology as the Philosophically-grounded Discourse that serves the establishment of Political Consensus Quite a lot of studies from within political science have grappled with the conceptual bifurcations and the place and role of ideology in political practice (Roucek, 1944, Mullins, 1972, Seliger, 1976, Hamilton, 1987, Lewins, 1989, Foley, 1994, Hoffman and Graham, 2006, Heywood, 2003, Freeden, 2003. The 'least common denominator of these studies' could be said to be the following: an ideology is, broadly, a belief system that organizes political though and cements political practice, by justifying and legitimizing particular policy frames, on the basis of some common, historically consolidated, values.…”

Section: The Discursive Rearticulation Of Pragmatism and Ideology In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Advertising in the Crossroad of Political Pragmatism and Political Ideology

Kissas

2015

ONLINE J COMMUN MEDI

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The study of political advertising so far could be an exemplar of the schism that permeates the whole study of political communication nowadays; the schism between the politics of pragmatism and the politics of ideology. This paper comes to counter-argue that the study of political advertising can become an exemplar of the reconciliation of these two different areas of concern in so far as we do justice to the ontological status of discourse in political communication. This means that we should not take discourse to be a derivative of electoral design, as the legacy of modernization has taught us, but to be the primary locus where all strategies of political communication are meaningfully articulated. It is not, however, the articulation on the basis of political philosophy (ideology in liberal political theory) and for the reproduction of the social order (ideology in critical cultural studies) that grasp the ideological potential of contemporary, aestheticized and managerialized, political communication. It is rather, as I will argue, drawing on post-structuralist discourse theory, the re-contextualization of symbolisms from the past, interwoven with the precarious institutional interests and asymmetries of the present, which lies at the heart of the ideological potential of political advertising. It is, therefore, a discourse-based analytics of ads that we need so as to grasp the conditions of possibility for this potential.

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A History of the Concept of Ideology

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Ideology: A Definitional Analysis

Ideology: A Definitional Analysis

Informing Science and International Relations: Transdisciplinarity of the Concepts Civilization, Ideology, and Geopolitics

Political Advertising in the Crossroad of Political Pragmatism and Political Ideology

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