A Holistic Review of 3-Dimethylamino-1-Arylpropenones Based Disperse Dyes for Dyeing Polyester Fabrics: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activities

Abstract

The enaminone compounds 3-Dimethylamino-1-arylpropenones produced in this review was synthesized by reacting para-methylacetophenone and para-nitroacetophenone with dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal. In this review article, we discuss how to create novel disperse colors by reacting enaminone derivatives 3a and 3b with phenyldiazonium salt. The highly productive procedure of creating new disperse dyes was followed by the process of dyeing polyester fabrics at temperatures between 70 and 130 °C. As a result, the colours’ resistance to light, rubbing, perspiration, and washing fastness was assessed. In an effort to show the additional value of these dyes, the expected biological activity of the synthetic dyes against fungus, yeast, and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was also assessed. We have applied zinc oxide nanoparticles for polyester fabrics treatment to impact them a self-cleaning quality, increase their light fastness, enhance their antibacterial efficacy, and enhance UV protection as part of our ongoing strategy to obtain polyester fabrics with newly acquired specifications.