A holistic review on Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS) testbeds for secure and sustainable electric power grid – Part – I: Background on CPPS and necessity of CPPS testbeds

Yohanandhan, Rajaa Vikhram; Elavarasan, Rajvikram Madurai; Pugazhendhi, Rishi; Premkumar, M.; Mihet‐Popa, Lucian; Terzija, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107718

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Various types of testbeds for testing cyber-physical threats in power systems have been created. R.V.Yohanandhan et al in [5], [6] presented an extensive review that described 72 cyber-physical power system testbeds in academia and national laboratories. In these papers, testbeds are divided into type, targeted research area, domain, and communication infrastructure with the fusion of physical and cyber systems.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidomain Cyber-Physical Testbed for Power System Vulnerability Assessment

Mishchenko,

Oleinikova,

Erdődi

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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The rapid digitalization of power systems involves enhanced interconnectivity, intelligence, and cost-efficiency across all components. In the era of Industry 5.0, the criticality of energy supply makes power systems prime targets for attacks, highlighting the need for the creation and evaluation of solutions against cyber-physical threats. Testbeds have emerged as essential tools for these purposes by representing realworld power systems in controlled environments and simulating cyber-physical attack-defense experiments. This paper introduces a Cyber-Physical Security (CPS) testbed rooted in the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) and developed adversary setup within the National Smart Grid Laboratory at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. By adhering to the SGAM framework, this study delves into the classification and assessment of threats within the structure of the CPS testbed, examining vulnerabilities at distinct structural levels. Significantly, the strategic placement of adversary setup within these levels enables a comprehensive evaluation of cyber-physical vulnerabilities in simulated systems, thereby facilitating the assessment of protective measures. Furthermore, this research presents a case study using three data sources as an aggregated dynamic power system model simulated in the real-time digital simulator OPAL-RT, real power grid, and playback of previously recorded data frames using virtual PMUs functionality. The focus of this work is on the analysis of the five most common cyberattacks on power systems, such as passive and active reconnaissance, interruption in communication, TCP packet injection, and men-in-the-middle attacks utilizing the C37.118.2-2011 protocol. The results of the case study illustrate the framework for the adversary setup and provide proof-of-concept attack scenarios for evaluation purposes. As part of future work, we intend to expand upon this research with a defender setup and implement more sophisticated, stealthy attacks. INDEX TERMS power system, cyber-physical security, testbed, smart grids, threats I. INTRODUCTION

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Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidomain Cyber-Physical Testbed for Power System Vulnerability Assessment

Mishchenko,

Oleinikova,

Erdődi

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…With the ever-increasing demand of electricity, highspeed connectivity and automation can give high reliability, safety and better protection for electric power grid [38]- [39]. As a new infrastructure, 5G network is very clear and guarantee smart distribution network operation for another 5-10 years [40]- [41].…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence In 5g Network Data Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence and its applications in Renewable Integrated Power Systems

E.R.¹,

Joy²,

Bansal³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Electric power system is undergoing major changes, due to large-scale integration of renewable energy, complicated network structure and increased energy demand. Developing autonomous systems, intelligent and digital communication technologies are becoming more and more urgent to modernize, strengthen and stabilize the power grid. Among several innovative efforts, artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more popular due to its human like thinking logic, advanced wisdom, reasoning, learning capability and knowledge representation. AI approaches have demonstrated precise, faster and scalable outcomes, thus can be ideal to handle complex non-linear power systems. The recent technological developments in AI and hybrid techniques, makes it possible for solving large-scale complex power systems problems like control, planning, scheduling, prediction etc. This article has briefly discussed seven major areas, where AI has been used easily to handle constraints such as power system stability assessments, power system forecasting studies, power quality problems, optimization of generation scheduling, 5G network data communications, SCADA intrusion detection and transformer fault identification.

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“…An increasing number of sensors have been installed in novel power systems [6]. Tese sensors bring a huge amount of data to the dispatch center [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayer Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient for Static Safety and Stability Analysis of Novel Power Systems

Long

Zhao

et al. 2023

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems

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More and more renewable energy sources are integrated into novel power systems. The randomness and fluctuation of such renewable energy sources bring challenges to the static stability and safety analysis of novel power systems. In this work, a multilayer deep deterministic policy gradient is proposed to address the fluctuation of renewable energy sources. The proposed method is stacked with multilayer deep reinforcement learning methods that can be continuously updated online. The proposed multilayer deep deterministic policy gradient is compared with other deep learning algorithms. The feasibility, effectiveness, and superiority of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulations.

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A holistic review on Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS) testbeds for secure and sustainable electric power grid – Part – I: Background on CPPS and necessity of CPPS testbeds

Cited by 30 publications

References 183 publications

Multidomain Cyber-Physical Testbed for Power System Vulnerability Assessment

Multidomain Cyber-Physical Testbed for Power System Vulnerability Assessment

Artificial Intelligence and its applications in Renewable Integrated Power Systems

Multilayer Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient for Static Safety and Stability Analysis of Novel Power Systems

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