Four types of ionic polyrotaxane (PR) derivatives, that is, carboxymethylated, sulfoethylated, diethylaminoethylated, and trimethylammoniohydroxypropylated PRs, were successfully prepared starting from the same PR consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) as an axis and a-cyclodextrins as ring molecules. The structures of the ionic PR derivatives were analyzed by 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), attenuated-total reflection Fourier transform-infrared, and colloidal titration. Degrees of substitution of the ionic PRs were calculated from results of 1 H NMR and colloidal titrations; both sets of results satisfactorily agreed. Cross-linking of sulfoethylated and quaternized PRs yielded ionic slide-ring gels carrying sulfoethyl and quaternary ammonium groups on the mobile cross-links, respectively. The former gel showed intriguing phenomena, including a large degree of swelling of up to 1147, drastic change in its swelling ratio by the presence of electrolyte and bending under a moderate applied electric field (7 V/cm).