A hospital‐based study of intimate partner violence during pregnancy

Jain, Sandhya; Varshney, Khushboo; Vaid, Neelam; Guleria, Kiran; Vaid, Keya; Sharma, Neha

doi:10.1002/ijgo.12086

Cited by 24 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other research in SSA found physical IPV in pregnancy rates of 22.5%, 22% and 9% in Nigeria, 10.7% in Tanzania and 36% in South Africa 22–25. Similar studies in other low resource settings such as India (12%) and Bangladesh (35.2%) reveal much lower rates of physical IPV in pregnancy than reported in SSA,26 with the exception of a single study in Bangladesh 27. Training of research staff and the setting may affect the answers given on IPV questions and contribute to variability of results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Intimate partner violence in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study from post-conflict northern Uganda

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in pregnancy and to understand associations and determinants.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingTwo rural health clinics in post-conflict northern Uganda.ParticipantsWomen attending two rural health clinics for a new service providing cervical cancer screening, who had experienced pregnancy.Primary and secondary outcome measuresData were collected by a questionnaire using validated questions from the demographic health survey women’s questionnaire and the domestic violence module. Data were entered into tablets using Questionnaire Development System software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed, using experience of IPV in pregnancy as the dependent variable. SPSS V.25 was used for all analysis.ResultsOf 409 participant women, 26.7% (95% CI 18.6% to 35.9%) reported having been slapped, hit or beaten by a partner while pregnant. For 32.3% (95% CI 20.2% to 37.9%) of the women the violence became worse during pregnancy. Women who had ever experienced IPV in pregnancy were more likely to have experienced violence in the previous 12 months (OR 4.45, 95% CI 2.80 to 7.09). In multivariate logistic regression, the strongest independent associations with IPV in pregnancy were partner’s daily drinking of alcohol (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.43) and controlling behaviours (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.33).ConclusionsThe women in this study had more exposure to IPV in pregnancy than previously reported for this region. Women’s previous experience of intimate partner violence, partner’s daily use of alcohol and his controlling behaviours were strong associations with IPV in pregnancy. This study highlights the uneven distribution of risk and the importance of research among the most vulnerable population in rural and disadvantaged settings. More research is needed in local rural and urban settings to illuminate this result and inform intervention and policy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Intimate partner violence in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study from post-conflict northern Uganda

et al. 2019

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“…Forty-one studies (82%, n = 41) were of high methodological quality (indicating low risk of bias) ( Table 2). [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]28,29,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]43,[46][47][48][49][51][52][53][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][65][66][67] Most of the studies with high or moderate risk of bias obtained low scores in sample selection 30,45,50,54,55,64 or comparability. 27,45,50,…”

Section: Methodological Quality Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pre-term birth or prematurity A total of 20 studies with high methodological quality looked at pre-term birth (Table S1). [18][19][20][21]24,[31][32][33]35,37,38,46,49,53,[57][58][59][60]63,67 Four of them found a significant association with undifferentiated IPV, 33,46,49,57 six with physical IPV, 32,33,37,53,57,59 and only one with psychological IPV. 57 The risk of pre-term birth was between 1.97 and 5.94 times higher among women who had experienced undifferentiated IPV, and between 2.29 and 5.7 times higher among those who experienced physical IPV.…”

Section: Methodological Quality Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventeen studies with high methodological quality examined low birthweight, [18][19][20][21]24,29,[31][32][33]35,37,40,43,49,59,62,65 and four of them associated this with undifferentiated IPV, 33,38,43,49 seven with physical IPV, 19,20,32,33,37,40,59 and one with sexual IPV. 37 The risk of low birthweight was between 1.96 and 5.5 times higher among women exposed to physical IPV, 2.1 times higher when exposed to undifferentiated IPV and 2.80 times higher when exposed to sexual IPV.…”

Section: Low Birthweightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies with high methodological quality reported outcomes of perinatal death. 28,33,35,37,46,51,65 Two studies associated this with undifferentiated IPV, 28,33,46 with risks between 1.86 and 5.2 times higher, and four studies associated it with physical IPV, 33,37,51,65 with risks between 1.4 and 6.04 times higher.…”

Section: Perinatal Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review

Pastor‐Moreno

Ruíz-Pérez

Henares-Montiel

et al. 2020

BJOG

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Background Physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) has been described in the literature as different types of IPV experienced by women during pregnancy all over the world. Objectives To review and summarise systematically the empirical evidence on the links between IPV during pregnancy and the perinatal health of mothers and fetuses/neonates. Search strategy MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Embase, Nursing@ovid (Ovid) and LILACS were searched (2008–2018). Selection criteria Observational studies that examined perinatal health outcomes (i.e. pre‐term birth, low birthweight, miscarriage, perinatal death and premature rupture of membranes) in pregnant women exposed to IPV. Data collection and analysis Information on study characteristics, type of IPV measured, study design, methodological quality and outcome variable extracted. Results Fifty studies were included. Twenty‐nine analysed undifferentiated IPV (n = 25 489), 34 included physical IPV (n = 7333), 22 analysed psychological IPV (n = 7833) and 18 examined sexual IPV (n = 2388). Fifteen studies were from Asia, 12 from North America and Oceania, and 12 from Central and South America. The studies examined the association between IPV and 39 different perinatal health outcomes. The most frequent outcomes reported were pre‐term birth (50%), low birthweight (46%), miscarriage (30%), perinatal death (20%) and premature rupture of membranes (20%). A significant association with perinatal health outcomes was reported by 12 of the studies analysing undifferentiated IPV, 18 physical IPV, six psychological IPV and two sexual IPV. Conclusions The relation between IPV and perinatal health outcomes can be seen in different epidemiological designs and countries. In all, 39 different outcomes were identified and 29 were associated with IPV. Tweetable abstract A variety of poor perinatal health outcomes are associated with psychological, physical and sexual IPV.

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Intimate Partner Physical Violence During Pregnancy in Kenya: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Kiragu

Simon

Kacou

et al. 2022

Sexuality & Culture

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A hospital‐based study of intimate partner violence during pregnancy

Abstract: IPV was documented in approximately 12% of participants. Population-based surveys need to be done to investigate further.

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Intimate partner violence in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study from post-conflict northern Uganda

Intimate partner violence in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study from post-conflict northern Uganda

Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review

Intimate Partner Physical Violence During Pregnancy in Kenya: Prevalence and Risk Factors

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