A Hospital-Based Violence Prevention Tour: A Collaborative Approach to Empower Youth

Kunkel, Patti; Thomas, Casey; Seguin, Cara; Dereczyk, Darlene; Rajda, Cecília; Brandt, Michael T.

doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e3181cb9807

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is consistent with prior studies wherein males were found to be the victims of violent trauma 64% to 85% of the time. 14,16,17,20 Distribution of ethnicity, although consistent with the increased number of minority subjects, was weighed more heavily toward Hispanics in our study, representing 79% of sample subjects. This sample distribution not only reliably represents the demographics of the area surrounding our trauma center but also may indicate a shift in susceptible minority groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Prolonged periods of idleness and loitering in this age group, caused by being out of school or unemployed, have been implicated in increased risk-taking behaviors. 12,20,21 Death due to violence has been described as a chronic disease due to recidivism that ultimately can result in death. Several secondary prevention programs have been implemented in major cities including Chicago, Philadelphia, Milwaukee, and Oakland, showing that these programs can reduce future criminal involvement and possibly result in a reduction in death rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Violent and Fatal Youth Trauma: Is There a Missed Opportunity?

Caputo¹,

Shields²,

MD³

et al. 2012

WestJEM

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IntroductionAccidents and assaults (homicides) are the leading causes of death among the youth of the United States, accounting for 53.3% of deaths among children aged 1 to19 years. Victim recidivism, defined as repeated visits to the emergency department (ED) as a victim of violent trauma, is a significantly growing public health problem. As 5-year mortality rates for recidivism are as high as 20%, it is important to determine whether victims with a history of violent trauma are at increased risk for fatal outcome with their next trauma. We hypothesized that victims of violent trauma who have had 1 prior ED visit for violent trauma will have increased odds of fatal outcome.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted for patients presenting with penetrating trauma to the ED from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2009. All patients between the ages of 15 to 25 years who presented to the ED for any penetrating trauma were included. Patients with prior presentations for penetrating trauma were compared to those patients who were first-time presenters to determine the odds ratio of fatal outcome.ResultsOverall, 15,395 patients were treated for traumatic presentations. Of these, 1,044 met inclusion criteria. Demographically, 79.4% were Hispanic, 19.4% were African American, and 0.96% were Caucasian. The average age was 21 years, and 98% of the population was male. One hundred and forty-seven (14%) had prior presentations, and 897 (86%) did not. Forty of the 147 patients (27%) with prior presentations had a fatal outcome as compared to 29 patients of the 868 (3%) without prior presentations, with odds ratio of 10.8 (95% confidence interval, 6.4–18.1; Pearson χ2, P < 0.001). The 5-year mortality rate for those patients with fatal outcomes was calculated at 16.5%.ConclusionPatients who had prior ED visits for penetrating trauma were at greater risk for fatal outcomes compared to those with no prior visits. Therefore, trauma-related ED visits might offer an opportunity for education and intervention. This may help to prevent future fatalities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent and Fatal Youth Trauma: Is There a Missed Opportunity?

Caputo¹,

Shields²,

MD³

et al. 2012

WestJEM

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“…Yet, trauma center programs that distribute brochures and flyers at safety fairs or teach prevention principles to the general public have been shown to be largely ineffective in changing behavior (Cohen & Swift, 1999). Trauma center–based s econdary violence prevention programs are those targeting “at-risk” youth and are offered in a variety of settings including schools (Gainer, Webster, & Champion, 1993), detention centers (Hayward, Simons, John, Waymire, & Stucky, 2011), and hospitals (Chang, Cornwell, Sutton, Yonas, & Allen, 2005; Goldberg et al, 2010; Kunkel et al, 2010; Scott, Tepas, Frykberg, Taylor, & Plotkin, 2002). Tertiary violence prevention programs focus on youth already injured by violence (Cohen & Chehimi, 2010) and are the interest of this integrative review.…”

Section: Trauma Centers and Injury Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma Center Based Youth Violence Prevention Programs

Mikhail

Nemeth

2016

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Brief intervention and case management are frequent and potentially effective trauma center-based violence prevention interventions. Case management initiated as an inpatient and continued beyond discharge was the most frequently used intervention and was associated with reduced rearrest or reinjury rates. Further research is needed, specifically longitudinal studies using experimental designs with high program fidelity incorporating uniform direct outcome measures. However, this review provides initial evidence that trauma centers can intervene with the highest of risk patients and break the youth violence recidivism cycle.

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