1996
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.13.6626
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A human axillary odorant is carried by apolipoprotein D.

Abstract: The characterization of the source of the odor in the human axillary region is not only of commercial interest but is also important biologically because axillary extracts can alter the length and timing of the female menstrual cycle. In males, the most abundant odor component is known to be E-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid (E-3M2H), which is liberated from nonodorous apocrine secretions by axillary microorganisms. Recently, it was found that in the apocrine gland secretions, 3M2H is carried to the skin surface boun… Show more

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Cited by 157 publications
(116 citation statements)
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“…Further, no androstenone was detected in these extracts. A related steroid, androstenol, was present (3.5 ng/ l extract), albeit in far lower concentration than E-3M2H (150 ng/ l extract) or the other acids (Zeng et al, 1996b). The Z-isomer of 3M2H was also present in the extracts from each gender, but in different relative abundance: 10:1 (E:Z) in males and 16:1 (E:Z) in females.…”
Section: Source and Signal: Axillary Chemistry And Pheromone Creationmentioning
confidence: 88%
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“…Further, no androstenone was detected in these extracts. A related steroid, androstenol, was present (3.5 ng/ l extract), albeit in far lower concentration than E-3M2H (150 ng/ l extract) or the other acids (Zeng et al, 1996b). The Z-isomer of 3M2H was also present in the extracts from each gender, but in different relative abundance: 10:1 (E:Z) in males and 16:1 (E:Z) in females.…”
Section: Source and Signal: Axillary Chemistry And Pheromone Creationmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…In terms of relative abundance, these acids, in particular (E)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic (E-3M2H), are present in far greater quantity than volatile steroids, e.g., androstenone, which were previously thought to be important axillary odors (Gower and Ruparelia, 1993). In samples of secretions from the axillae of males that were combined before analysis, the concentration of E-3M2H was approximately 357 ng/ l extract, whereas that of androstenone was 0.5 ng/ l extract (Zeng et al, 1996b). In combined samples from females, the straight-chain acids were present in greater relative abundance than E-3M2H.…”
Section: Source and Signal: Axillary Chemistry And Pheromone Creationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…and migrating as though sized between 27000-32000 Da. Glycosylated apolipoprotein D from plasma and axillary extracts has been characterized [17,50]. Based on the mass-analyzed peptides encompassing N-linked glycosylated residues Asn 45 and Asn 78 [17], it was possible to calculate minimum, major, and maximum masses for plasma apoD as 23340, 24287, and 25966, respectively.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%