A Human Experimental Bone Pain Model

Pfeiffer-Jensen, Mogens; Brock, Christina; Drewes, Asbjørn Mohr; Arendt-Nielsen, Lars

doi:10.1111/bcpt.12002

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A handheld electronic pressure algometer (Somedic AB, Stockholm, Sweden) was used with a probe surface area of 1 cm 2 for muscle stimulation and 3 mm 2 for bone stimulation. Pressure was increased at a rate of 30 kPa/s until the moderate pain was reached (score of 7 on a 0–10 visual analogue scale) . The subjects were instructed to notify the personnel at this point.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pressure was increased at a rate of 30 kPa/s until the moderate pain was reached (score of 7 on a 0-10 visual analogue scale). 14 The subjects were instructed to notify the personnel at this point. The muscle pressure was also used as the test stimulus before, during and after induction of conditioned pain modulation (CPM), see below.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures (See Fig 1b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of vagal tone enhances gastroduodenal motility and reduces somatic pain sensitivity

Frøkjær

Bergmann

Brock

et al. 2016

Neurogastroenterology Motil

122

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Key Points• The aim was to explore the effect of combined electrical and physiological modulation of vagal tone on musculoskeletal pain thresholds and gastroduodenal motility.• Eighteen healthy subjects were included in a subject-blinded, sham-controlled, cross-over study with an active protocol including transcutaneous electrical vagal nerve stimulation and deep slow breathing.• Recording of cardiac derived parameters including cardiac vagal tone, moderate pain thresholds to muscle and bone pressure algometry, conditioned pain modulation using a cold pressor test, and a liquid meal ultrasonographic gastroduodenal motility test were performed.• Cardiac vagal tone, thresholds to bone pain, frequency of antral contractions, and gastroduodenal motility index all increased during active treatment compared to sham.• The presented noninvasive approach with combined electrical and physiological modulation of vagal tone enhances gastroduodenal motility and reduces somatic pain sensitivity.• These findings warrant further investigation in patients with disorders characterized with chronic pain and gastrointestinal dysmotility such as functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. AbstractBackground The parasympathetic nervous system, whose main neural substrate is the vagus nerve, exerts a fundamental antinociceptive role and influences gastrointestinal sensori-motor function. Our research question was to whether combined electrical and physiological modulation of vagal tone, using transcutaneous electrical vagal nerve stimulation (t-VNS) and deep slow breathing (DSB) respectively, could increase musculoskeletal pain thresholds and enhance gastroduodenal motility in healthy subjects. Methods Eighteen healthy subjects were randomized to a subject-blinded, sham-controlled, cross-over study with an active protocol including stimulation of auricular branch of the vagus nerve, and breathing at full inspiratory capacity and forced full expiration. Recording of cardiac derived parameters including cardiac vagal tone, moderate pain thresholds to muscle, and bone pressure algometry, conditioned pain modulation using a cold pressor test and a liquid meal ultrasonographic gastroduodenal motility test were performed. Key Results Cardiac vagal tone increased during active treatment with t-VNS and DSB

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Procedures (See Fig 1b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of vagal tone enhances gastroduodenal motility and reduces somatic pain sensitivity

Frøkjær

Bergmann

Brock

et al. 2016

Neurogastroenterology Motil

122

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“…In DM patients CPM induction has, to the best of our knowledge, not been induced by the cold pressor test, even though it has been widely used to explore central pain mechanisms in other diseases and in healthy controls [29,30]. The handheld pressure algometer has previously been validated, and to familiarize the subjects with the scoring procedure, participants were trained by applying muscle pressure in the femoral quadriceps muscle [33,34]. All patients and HV withstood immersion of their hand in 180 seconds.…”

Section: Methodsological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Sensorimotor, Autonomic and Central Neuropathies in Diabetes Mellitus

Brock¹,

Søftel²,

Frøkjær³

et al. 2014

J Diabetes Metab

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“…The handheld algometer was used, but with a specially designed flat‐ended tip of ≈3 mm 2 . Application of mechanical stimulation was delivered continuously by increasing the pressure of 999 kPa/s and ended when the participants reported “moderate pain,” and the maximum stimulus intensity (kPa) was noted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%