A human factors framework and study of the effect of nursing workload on patient safety and employee quality of working life

Holden, Richard J.; Scanlon, Matthew C.; Patel, Neal; Kaushal, Rainu; Escoto, Kamisha Hamilton; Brown, Roger; Alper, Samuel J.; Arnold, Judi; Shalaby, Theresa M.; Murkowski, Kathleen; Karsh, Ben‐Tzion

doi:10.1136/bmjqs.2008.028381

Cited by 202 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…This affects the thinking process and concentration, and increases the number of errors. Holden et al (2011) showed that there is a significant positive correlation between mental workload and possibility of creating errors (Holden et al, 2011). In fact, human error is one of the major causes of occupational accidents (Wiegmann and Shappell, 2001;Young et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high level of mental workload not only affects occupational accidents but also increases the prevalence of depression, occupational stress, and burnout. Furthermore, the high mental workload affects health and welfare of personnel as well as safety of patients (Holden et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study population consisted of nursing staff from all public hospitals in Kashan with at least one year of experience. The following formula was used to determine the sample volume:, in which Z is confidence coefficient (equal to 95% confidence), The second part of the questionnaire assessed the mental work load status using the assessment scale of the NASA-TLX, one of the most commonly used tools to evaluate mental workload in terms of individual perspective (Cao et al, 2009;Holden et al, 2010;Holden et al, 2011;Safari et al, 2013). Several reports have confirmed the reliability and validity of NASA-TLX to evaluate mental workload (Hoonakker et al, 2011;Rubio et al, 2004); for instance, Hoonakker et al (2011) reported the appropriateness of convergent and discriminant validities of the NASA mental workload scale (Hoonakker et al, 2011).…”

Section: Materials-methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of workload effect on nursing occupational accidents in hospitals of Kashan, Iran

et al. 2017

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Background: Nurses often experience occupational accidents and injuries. The mental workload is one of the factors that often cause tiredness. Perilous behaviors possibly occur more in tired persons resulting in injuries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between mental workload and nursing occupational accidents in public hospitals of Kashan, as well as factors affecting them. Methods: The analytic-descriptive study described herein consisted of nursing staff from public hospitals of Kashan, Iran. Information was collected using a three-part questionnaire from a selected clustery of 406 nursing personnel in 2016. The questionnaire was used to collect demographics, assess mental workload (per the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX)), and assess frequency of accidents. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: A total of 455 occupational accidents were recorded for 2016 with about 2.27±1.21 accidents per nurse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials-methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of workload effect on nursing occupational accidents in hospitals of Kashan, Iran

et al. 2017

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“…As per Berry and Curry (2012) unequivocal nursing overload negatively affects patient outcomes. There is a significant evidence indicating that improved nurse staffing and hours of work reduce medication errors (Holden et al, 2011). According to Thungjaroenku et al (2007) a proper nursing staffing can reduce patients' length of stay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nursing Shortage Impact on Job Outcome (The Case in Sri Lanka)

Alwis¹,

Kumari²

2015

JOC

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The nursing shortage is a common problem throughout the world. Nurses form the largest proportion of the healthcare system and play a significant role in providing direct patient care. Considering the importance of the role of nurses in the healthcare system, it is important to investigate how nursing shortage effects the quality of patient care, nurses' job satisfaction and their work stress. A study was conducted to investigate the correlation between these at the Polonnaruwa District General Hospital in Sri Lanka with a random sample of nurses) working in the hospital and using a self-administered questionnaire. This study uses an explanatory research design. The statistical analysis confirmed a positive relationship between nurse shortage and workload. It also shows a significant positive relationship between workload and the quality of patient care. Furthermore, a negative relationship was observed between workload and the quality of patient care. In addition, this study calculates the mean effect of emotional intelligence of these factors, and a significant correlation is found between emotional intelligence and workload as well as work stress. There is a firm evidence that in Sri Lanka, nursing shortage influences the workload of the employee, finally affecting the quality of patient care. In addition, the study recognized the capability of nurses to manage their emotions as well as emotions of others, which has increased their tolerance to control psychological stress in performing their duty. This study confirms that nurse's emotional intelligence act as a partial moderating variable for job outcomes of nurses.

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“…2B) Errors in administration of medication. Two studies focused on understaffing and medication errors [53] [56], reporting that heavy nursing workload, interruptions and being rushed increased the risk of adverse events in conjunction with the administration of medication. Several other studies found an association between understaffing and medication errors, even when this was not their focus [15] [17] [52].…”

Section: Thematic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Understaffing of Nurses and Patient Safety in Hospitals—A Literature Review with Thematic Analysis

Glette¹,

Aase²,

Wiig³

2017

OJN

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Introduction: Patient safety and the occurrence of adverse events in hospitals is a topic which has been widely addressed over the last decades. In that respect, there has been an increasing interest in the effect of working conditions on patient safety, and whether understaffing and adverse events are correlated. This paper therefore reports results from a study of understaffing of nurses understood as a lack of nurses available to conduct the tasks required of them. This implies that nurses are forced to ignore or postpone important tasks, thereby compromising patient safety. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to increase the knowledge of understaffing of hospital nurses, and the consequences that understaffing may have on patient safety. Methods: A literature search of the databases Chinal, Medline, Cochrane library, Isi Web of Science and Academic Search premiere was conducted in the period January 2014 to February, 2016. Results: Results are categorized into two main themes and four subthemes. The first main theme describes the direct relationship between understaffing and patient safety. Poor staffing increases the risk of mortality, and adverse conditions such as pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis and hospital-related infections. The second main theme relates to the indirect implications of understaffing for patient safety. These implications pertain to the lack of time that nurses could give each patient, limitations in the quality of nursing, and challenges in safe medication administration. Conclusions: The study documents the relationship between understaffing of nurses and adverse events in hospitals, revealingthat understaffing of nurses is a risk factor for hospitalized patients.

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A human factors framework and study of the effect of nursing workload on patient safety and employee quality of working life

Cited by 202 publications

References 82 publications

Assessment of workload effect on nursing occupational accidents in hospitals of Kashan, Iran

Assessment of workload effect on nursing occupational accidents in hospitals of Kashan, Iran

The Nursing Shortage Impact on Job Outcome (The Case in Sri Lanka)

The Relationship between Understaffing of Nurses and Patient Safety in Hospitals—A Literature Review with Thematic Analysis

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