A human origin type II strain of Toxoplasma gondii causing severe encephalitis in mice

Djurković–Djaković, Olgica; Klun, Ivana; Khan, Asis; Nikolić, Aleksandra; Knezevic-Usaj, Slavica; Bobić, Branko; Sibley, L. David

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2006.04.016

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several authors describe those as the most affected organs in acute infection with clonal genotype strains of T. gondii with both oral and intraperitoneal routes (Djurković -Djaković et al, 2006;Frenkel, 1988;Silva et al, 2009;Unno et al, 2013). The liver showed considerable histological changes in both mouse lineages inoculated with the three strains such as inflammatory infiltrates and coagulative necrosis in hepatic tissue.…”

Section: Mouse Lineagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral infection with tissue cysts in mice has been widely used for pathological studies, and the small intestine, liver, lungs, spleen and brain are often found to be affected (Djurković -Djaković et al, 2006;Dunay et al, 2008;Egan et al, 2011;Liesenfeld et al, 1996;McLeod et al, 1984;Schreiner and Liesenfeld, 2009;Smiley et al, 2005). However, most of the strains used in these studies were obtained from animals as the isolation of T. gondii from human patients is extremely challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological changes in acute experimental toxoplasmosis with Toxoplasma gondii strains obtained from human cases of congenital disease

Pinheiro

Noviello

Cunha

et al. 2015

Experimental Parasitology

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Section: Mouse Lineagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological changes in acute experimental toxoplasmosis with Toxoplasma gondii strains obtained from human cases of congenital disease

Pinheiro

Noviello

Cunha

et al. 2015

Experimental Parasitology

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“…[8][9][10][11] In Serbia, the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis is currently estimated at 30-35% 12 and type-2 genospecies has been isolated. 13 As fetal infection may only develop following maternal primary infection in pregnancy, congenital toxoplasmosis is a preventable disease; therefore, the incidence of OT of congenital origin may be expected to decrease in line with successful prevention strategies implemented in a particular milieu. However, acquired infection, which is often inapparent and therefore clinically unrecognized, and the recognition of its role in the origin of OT, is responsible for the currently increased interest in the study of OT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis treated in a referral centre in Serbia

Kovačević-Pavićević

Radosavljević

Ilić

et al. 2012

Eye

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“…Parasites -The low virulence BGD-1 strain (human origin type-2 strain) characterized in our laboratory (Djurković-Djaković et al 2006) was used for experimental infections. Mice were inoculated by oropharyngeal gavage with eight cysts, an inoculum shown to be non lethal for > 90% of the mice during the first eight weeks post-infection (p.i.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii infection induces lipid metabolism alterations in the murine host

Milovanović

Vujanić

Klun

et al. 2009

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Host lipids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection. To determine if Key words: toxoplasmosis -murine infection -lipid metabolism -cholesterol -adiponectinThere is an emerging body of evidence showing that the intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii alters host cell metabolism for entry and replication and uses host metabolic products for its own metabolic pathways. Toxoplasma cannot synthesize cholesterol (Chl) de novo and depends upon acquisition of low density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived Chl from the host cell, via endocytosis mediated by the LDL receptor (Coppens et al. 2000) or the LDL receptor-related protein (Portugal et al. 2008). A mechanism by which host and not parasite Chl controls the entry of Toxoplasma into cells has been proposed (Coppens & Joiner 2003). These studies indicate that Chl does have an important role in pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis. However, data on parasite lipid sources are scarce and the molecular mechanisms by which Toxoplasma acquires host cell lipids are largely unknown (Coppens 2006).To determine if Toxoplasma infection influences the host lipid status in vivo, serum lipid levels were assessed at different time points during infection in wild-type mice. Parasites -The low virulence BGD-1 strain (human origin type-2 strain) characterized in our laboratory (Djurković-Djaković et al. 2006) was used for experimental infections. Mice were inoculated by oropharyngeal gavage with eight cysts, an inoculum shown to be non lethal for > 90% of the mice during the first eight weeks post-infection (p.i.). MATERIAL AND METHODS MiceExperimental design -Two different experimental models were used. To examine the kinetics of the lipids at an individual level during Toxoplasma infection (model 1), animals were infected (n = 54) or left uninfected (n = 18) to serve as controls. Both groups were bled at days zero and 42 p.i. and subgroups of 6-12 mice were bled on alternating weeks at days 7, 14, 21 and 28, for the measurement of total Chl, high density lipoprotein (HDL), LDL and triglyceride levels. At day 42 p.i., mice were euthanized and their brains were harvested for cyst enumeration. The experiment was performed twice and the data shown are their cumulative results.Model 2 was designed to correlate blood lipid levels with adiponectin as well as with local changes in tissues. Groups of infected (n ≥ 9) and control (n = 6) mice were euthanized at days zero, 14 and 42 p.i. and blood was drawn for the measurement of lipids as above and of adiponectin. Brains and livers were harvested for future tissue and molecular analyses.Lipids -Total Chl, HDL, LDL and triglycerides were measured on the Olympus AU 400 biochemical analyzer, according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

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A human origin type II strain of Toxoplasma gondii causing severe encephalitis in mice

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Pathological changes in acute experimental toxoplasmosis with Toxoplasma gondii strains obtained from human cases of congenital disease

Pathological changes in acute experimental toxoplasmosis with Toxoplasma gondii strains obtained from human cases of congenital disease

Clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis treated in a referral centre in Serbia

Toxoplasma gondii infection induces lipid metabolism alterations in the murine host

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