2009
DOI: 10.1163/187502309789192513
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A human rights based approach to trafficking in human beings

Abstract: A human rights based approach to trafficking in human beings (THB) is often fostered but not applied in practice. Based on the human rights legal framework the state obligations are identified. These obligations, to criminalize THB, to prosecute THB, to protect and assist victims and to address the root causes, are not addressed in an equal way since the main focus of counter trafficking measures focus on the criminalisation and the prosecution. To also address the assistance and protection of victims and the … Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…The Trafficking Protocol recognises that for prosecutions to be successful, victims may need to give evidence and recommends a power (though not an obligation) for states to issue temporary residence permits to victims for the purposes of participating in such criminal prosecutions. This aspect of the Protocol has been much interpreted and analysed both by academic authors (Rijken, 2009; Seagrave 2009) as well as judges (Vijeyarasa, 2010). What has been less critically examined is the fundamental problem about trafficking: that the victims of the practice want to work even if this means working in appalling conditions.…”
Section: The International Standards-state Implementation Gapmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Trafficking Protocol recognises that for prosecutions to be successful, victims may need to give evidence and recommends a power (though not an obligation) for states to issue temporary residence permits to victims for the purposes of participating in such criminal prosecutions. This aspect of the Protocol has been much interpreted and analysed both by academic authors (Rijken, 2009; Seagrave 2009) as well as judges (Vijeyarasa, 2010). What has been less critically examined is the fundamental problem about trafficking: that the victims of the practice want to work even if this means working in appalling conditions.…”
Section: The International Standards-state Implementation Gapmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…O caráter exploratório que compõe a definição do tráfico e do contrabando de pessoas deixa implícito que a exploração é uma violação dos direitos humanos conformados pela comunidade internacional. O que se conclui da definição de exploração no Protocolo de Palermo é que, nas palavras de Rijken (2009), "é uma forma de abuso de natureza excessiva, como resultado da seriedade de manipulação física ou emocional (ameaças e violência) ou como resultado de múltiplas restrições impostas à vítima". São esses excessos que configuram a violação dos direitos humanos, no sentido da privação dos direitos elementares da vida humana, como a liberdade de escolha e de movimento e a independência (RIJKEN, 2009).…”
Section: Exploração E Vulnerabilidadeunclassified
“…O que se conclui da definição de exploração no Protocolo de Palermo é que, nas palavras de Rijken (2009), "é uma forma de abuso de natureza excessiva, como resultado da seriedade de manipulação física ou emocional (ameaças e violência) ou como resultado de múltiplas restrições impostas à vítima". São esses excessos que configuram a violação dos direitos humanos, no sentido da privação dos direitos elementares da vida humana, como a liberdade de escolha e de movimento e a independência (RIJKEN, 2009). A exploração que compõe o tráfico e/ou contrabando de pessoas inclui "prostituição de outrem ou outras formas de exploração sexual, o trabalho ou serviços forçados, escravatura ou práticas similares à escravatura, a servidão ou a remoção de órgãos" (BRASIL, 2006 Perigosa, autêntica e ilícita é essa mercantilização de órgãos e tecidos humanos por trazer em seu bojo a possibilidade de manipulação financeira do campo da alocação de órgãos, estabelecimento de uma "tabela de preços" por órgão ou tecido, classificação do doador confirme a possível duração de sua vida, introdução de incentivos financeiros para a doação e transformação das guerras num proveitoso negócio, pois pela grande quantidade de cadáveres haverá grande quantidade de órgãos (CALDEIRA; SANCHEZ, 2015, p.12).…”
Section: Exploração E Vulnerabilidadeunclassified
“…3 Among many others, it is worthy to mention existing studies about the EU's anti-trafficking policy, such as Susanne Baer's criticism of EU policy on sexual harassment and pornography (Baer, 1996), Marjan Wijer's analysis of the EU approach to prostitution (Wijers, 2000), or Dorchen Leidholdt's essay on sexual trafficking in the EU (Leidholdt, 1996). In terms of critiquing the epistemological framework of EU methods and tools applied to attain gender mainstreaming, it is worthy to mention Emanuela Lombardo's and Petra Meier's essay on framing gender in the EU public policy (Lombardo and Meier, 2008), Vivien Schmidt's and Claudio Radaelli's study on policy change and European discourse (Schmidt and Radaelli, 2004), or Rijken and Volder's essay on human rights approach in EU policy on trafficking of human beings (Rijken and Volder, 2009). gender mainstreaming as a tool used in EU equality policy. In this article, we argue in favour of Emanuela Lombardo and Petra Meier's critical approach to the EU's gender mainstreaming policy (Lombardo and Meier, 2006;Lombardo and Meier, 2006;and Lombardo, 2013), which is based on the assumption that the current methodological baseline for this approach lacks consistency and is not compatible with its aim construed by the Beijing Platform of the United Nations (UN).…”
Section: Constructivist Theories On European Integration and Europeanmentioning
confidence: 99%