In this paper, we consider the low-cost design for point-to-point millimeter-wave (mmW) multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems in rainfall environments. We first show that rain does not always have a negative impact on the system performance, provided that accurate instantaneous channel state information (CSI) is available at both the transmitter and receiver. In addition, we propose a practical and low-cost transmission scheme, referred to as hardware-constrained statistical precoding (HC-SP), for mmW MIMO systems in rainfall environments. This scheme only requires statistical channel information at the transmitter and takes into consideration the hardware constraints on transceiver imposed by the high radio-frequency (RF) chain cost. Simulation results demonstrate that the HC-SP scheme allows the mmW MIMO system to have near-optimal performance.
Index Terms-Millimeter-wave (mmW), rainfall environment, channel state information (CSI), hardware-constrained statistical precoding (HC-SP).Yong-Ping Zhang (M'11) received the B. Eng. degree in telecommunication engineering and the M. Eng. degree (with highest honors) in pattern recognition and intelligent systems from Xidian University, His current research interests include MIMO techniques and millimeterwave communications. He has authored or co-authored about 20 journal and conference papers in these areas, and holds more than 50 filed patents or pending applications.Peng Wang (S'05-M'10) received the B. Eng. degree in telecommunication engineering and the M. Eng. degree in information engineering, from Xidian University, , where he is currently a Research Fellow. His research interests include channel and network coding, information theory, iterative multi-user detection, MIMO techniques and millimetre-wave communications. He received the best paper award in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) in 2014. He has published over 40 peer-reviewed research papers in the leading international journals and conferences, and has served on a number of technical programs for international conferences such as ICC and WCNC. Shulan Feng (M'10) received the B.S. and M.S degree from Harbin Institute of Technology in 1997 and 1999, respectively, all in Electrical Engineering. She joined Huawei in 2000 as wireless research engineer. She serves as the senior manager of wire-0018-9545 (c) where he was involved in research and development of ATM broadband networks and ASIC design for telecom application. He was involved in the R&D of Advanced Communication technologies in Europe (RACE) project. In 1995 he transferred to Interphase Corp., Dallas, Texas and was in charge of development of broadband and optical communication systems. After then he has worked in a couple of startup companies as founder/CEO/CTO in US and in China in the area wireless and broadband communications. He has joined Hisilicon/Huawei Technologies as Chief Scientist since 2005 and is currently in charge of corporate research programs and projects.Dr. Zhang holds a number of German and US paten...