A hybrid green composite for automotive industry

Abstract

Hybrid composites were prepared using recycled polypropylene (rPP), dimension stone waste (Bege Bahia, BB) and coconut fiber (CF). Post-consumer the formulations of rPP/BB/CF and virgin PP, were processed in a Haake mixer. The films were characterized according to chemical, physical and mechanical properties. Multiple linear regression tests were used to develop mathematical models, which allow simulating the behavior of the composition of composite on mechanical properties. Density variations were associated with differences in particle packing and particle wall roughness. The impact resistance of rPP/BB/CF was slightly higher in the 70/10/20 wt% composite. SEM micrographs of the ternary (70/20/10 wt%) showed stronger traces of decohesion, allowing higher water absorption and reducing impact resistance. The response surface methodology suggest that the increase in the variable "coconut fiber content" is responsible for improving the mechanical properties of the composite. The ternary composite (70/10/20 wt%) was best for replacement of virgin PP.

Characterization of Thermo-Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Polypropylene/Hemp Fiber Biocomposites: Impact of Maleic Anhydride Compatibilizer and Fiber Content

“…The impact strength results demonstrate that the impact resistance of the 0-100-0 sample in this study, measured at 24.32 ± 5.61 KJ/m 2 , as consistent with the literature findings [ 15 , 21 , 96 ]. However, the impact strength decreased as the amount of hemp fiber added to the formulations increased compared to pure PP.…”

“…Furthermore, the formulations 20-80-0 and 19.4-77.6-3 showed comparable hardness values (62.7 and 61.2 Shore D, respectively), which were closer to the values observed for the PP matrix [96]. The standard deviation also helped mitigate any discrepancies in the results.…”

“…Additionally, the symmetric bending vibration of CH 3 was observed near 1455 and 1376 cm −1 . The stretching vibrations of CH-CH 3 and CH-CH 3 were observed at 1168 and 971 cm −1 , respectively, with medium intensity peaks around 840 cm −1 representing C-H bonds [ 95 , 96 ]. In addition, the HF-PP-MAPP composites contained intense vibrations around 1320 cm −1 , attributed to C-H stretching, and at 1590 cm −1 confirming the presence of COO- and assigned to stretching of the carboxyl group present in maleic anhydride [ 95 , 96 ].…”

“…The stretching vibrations of CH-CH 3 and CH-CH 3 were observed at 1168 and 971 cm −1 , respectively, with medium intensity peaks around 840 cm −1 representing C-H bonds [ 95 , 96 ]. In addition, the HF-PP-MAPP composites contained intense vibrations around 1320 cm −1 , attributed to C-H stretching, and at 1590 cm −1 confirming the presence of COO- and assigned to stretching of the carboxyl group present in maleic anhydride [ 95 , 96 ]. The spectra of all the composites showed bands corresponding to PP, MAPP, and hemp fibers, confirming the physical interaction between the elements of the composites.…”

“…Based on the hardness results presented in Table 7 , it is evident that incorporating 5 wt.% compatibilizer led to a 5.89% increase in this property compared to virgin PP. This can be attributed to improved uniformity in the distribution of components in the matrix brought about by MAPP [ 95 , 96 , 100 ].…”