A hybrid model of cathode of PEM fuel cell using the interdigitated gas distributor

Liu, Xunliang; Tan, Ya-Wei; Tao, Wen‐Quan; He, Ya‐Ling

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.11.009

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Adsorption and desorption coefficients are given by [ (14) where f v is the volumetric ratio of the liquid water in the membrane and determined by:…”

Section: Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the terms in the Darcy's law, Brinkman equation contains an extra source term that represents the drag force of the fluid at the boundaries of the solid phase of the porous medium and the walls of the domain. Darcy's law is used to model flow fields in the GDL and CL because of its simplicity [13,14]; however its accuracy is less than Brinkman and Navier-Stokes equations. Shi and Wang [15] applied Darcy's law, Brinkman equation, modified Navier-Stokes, and pure diffusion equation to the anode and cathode electrodes (GDLs and CLs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of Flow Distribution in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Rizvandi

Yeşilyurt

2018

ASME 2018 16th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels

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Analysis and design of flow fields for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) require coupled solution of the flow fields, gas transport and electrochemical reaction kinetics in the anode and the cathode. Computational cost prohibits the widespread use of three-dimensional models of the anode and cathode flow fields, gas diffusion layers (GDL), catalyst layers (CL) and the membrane for fluid flow and mass transport. On the other-hand, detailed cross-sectional two-dimensional models cannot resolve the effects of the anode and cathode flow field designs. Here, a two-dimensional in-plane model is developed for the resolution of the effects of anode and cathode flow channels and GDLs, catalyst layers are treated as thin-layers of reaction interfaces and the membrane is considered as a thinlayer that resist the transfer of species and the ionic current. Brinkman equations are used to model the in-plane flow distribution in the channels and the GDLs to account for the momentum transport in the channels and the porous GDLs. Fick's law equations are used to model transport of gas species in the channels and GDLs by advection and diffusion mechanisms, and electrochemical reactions in the CL interfaces are modeled by Butler-Volmer equations. Complete features of the flow in the channels and inlet and outlet manifolds are included in the model using resistance relationships in the through-plane direction. The model is applied to a small cell having an active area of 1.3 cm 2 and consisting of 8 parallel channels in the anode and a double serpentine in the cathode. Effects of the anode and cathode stoichiometric ratios on the cell performance and hydrogen utilization are investigated. Results demonstrate that for a sufficiently high cathode stoichiometric ratio enough, anode stoichiometric ratio can be lowered to unity to obtain very high hydrogen utilization and output power.

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“…Adsorption and desorption coefficients are given by [ (14) where f v is the volumetric ratio of the liquid water in the membrane and determined by:…”

Section: Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Flow Distribution in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Rizvandi

Yeşilyurt

2018

ASME 2018 16th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels

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“…Besides, two-dimensional models (3,4) show that the local current is not uniform, and especially, the current under the outlet channel is much lower than that under the inlet channel. However, there is no direct experimental measurement of the current density under the two channels separately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separate Measurements of Current under the Channels and the Land in a PEM Fuel Cell with an Interdigitated Flow Field

Luo

Liu

2013

ECS Trans.

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Separate in situ measurements of the current densities under the inlet channel, the land and the outlet channel in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell with an interdigitated flow field are conducted. Experiments are carried out by using partiallycatalyzed-membrane electrode assembly (MEA) on the cathode side and full MEA on the anode side. The experimental results show that the current density under the outlet channel is much lower than that under the inlet channel. Further experimental study results show that cathode flow rate and cathode back pressure affect the local current distribution significantly.

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“…Several widely used models for numerical solutions of PEFC, such as the Darcy, the Brinkman-extended Darcy and the Forchheimer-extended Darcy models (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) , have been introduced in the literature. In recent years, some authors have considered a modified form of the Navier-Stokes equation that includes all fluid forces and Darcy drag in the momentum equation (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies of Time-stepping Schemes for the Treatment of the Darcy Drag Term of the Momentum Equation

Saha

Kurihara

Oshima

2010

JFST

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A numerical comparison of time-stepping schemes for the solution of the conservation equations of mass and momentum of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) is presented. Darcy drag force is the dominating term for the fluid flow inside the gas diffusion layer (GDL). Permeability of the GDL is usually very small. Convergence of continuity is a major problem for the fluid flow through the GDL, and the situation becomes critical in lower-permeability cases. To overcome this kind of severe situation, an implicit scheme is used to obtain not only faster convergence but also a more accurate continuity condition. Explicit, implicit and semi-implicit treatment of the Darcy drag term is considered, and the schemes are compared for various physical parameters of the GDL, e.g., the Darcy number and the porosity parameter, by one dimensional numerical simulation. Influence of strict convergence on the secondary flow effect and on the pressure loss is described and the superiority of implicit scheme is confirmed for three-dimensional numerical simulation of PEFC channel flow.

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A hybrid model of cathode of PEM fuel cell using the interdigitated gas distributor

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Modeling of Flow Distribution in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Modeling of Flow Distribution in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Separate Measurements of Current under the Channels and the Land in a PEM Fuel Cell with an Interdigitated Flow Field

Comparative Studies of Time-stepping Schemes for the Treatment of the Darcy Drag Term of the Momentum Equation

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