“… 3 Because of the slow four-electron transfer kinetics process of OER, the application of water electrolysis is largely limited, and hence, highly effective electrocatalysts are urgently needed. 4 At present, noble metal materials like IrO 2 and RuO 2 show excellent OER performance under alkaline conditions, but their high cost limits their large-scale application. 5 To achieve highly efficient and economic electrolysis of water, it is critical to develop active, stable and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the OER, which is a thermodynamically unfavorable process.…”