A Hybrid Swapping Scheme Based On Per-Process Reclaim for Performance Improvement of Android Smartphones (August 2018)

Han, Junyeong; Kim, Sungeun; Lee, Sungyoung; Lee, John J.; Kim, Sung Jo

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2872794

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…zRAM-swap is supported in Android smartphones, which utilizes a certain part of DRAM as a swap partition that stores swapped pages in compressed form [24]. Han et al suggest a hybrid swap policy to support storage-swap as well as zRAM-swap [25]. In particular, their policy first swaps pages of a process in zRAM-swap, and then the oldest pages are swapped to the storage-swap.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage Type and Hot Partition Aware Page Reclamation for NVM Swap in Smartphones

Yoon¹,

Cho²,

Bahn³

2022

Electronics

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With the rapid advances in mobile app technologies, new activities using smartphones emerge every day including social network and location-based services. However, smartphones experience problems in handling high priority tasks, and often close apps without the user’s agreement when there is no available memory space. To cope with this situation, supporting swap with fast NVM storage has been suggested. Although swap in smartphones incurs serious slowing-down problems in I/O operations during saving and restoring the context of apps, NVM has been shown to resolve this problem due to its fast I/O features. Unlike previous studies that only focused on the management of NVM swap itself, this article discusses how the memory management system of smartphones can be further improved with NVM swap. Specifically, we design a new page reclamation algorithm for smartphone memory systems, which considers the following: (1) storage types of each partition (i.e., file system for flash storage and swap for NVM), and (2) access hotness of each partition including operation types and workload characteristics. By considering asymmetric I/O cost and access density for each partition, our algorithm improves the I/O performance of smartphones significantly. Specifically, it improves the I/O time by 15.0% on average and by up to 35.1% compared to the well-known CLOCK algorithm.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage Type and Hot Partition Aware Page Reclamation for NVM Swap in Smartphones

Yoon¹,

Cho²,

Bahn³

2022

Electronics

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“…In a study using ZRAM and storage as the swap area [17], the swap cost of a page was calculated to swap out frequently referenced pages into ZRAM while swapping out infrequently used pages to storage. Taking compression ratio [18] or application behavior [19] into consideration to estimate the cost of a page showed benefits for swapping out pages, extended storage lifespan and higher application launch speeds.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Memory Management System Based on User’s Application Usage Patterns

Lee¹,

Park²

2021

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Currently, the number of functions to improve user convenience in smartphone applications is increasing. In addition, more mobile applications are being loaded into mobile operating system memory for faster launches, thus increasing the memory requirements for smartphones. The memory used by applications in mobile operating systems is managed using software; allocated memory is freed up by either considering the usage state of the application or terminating the least recently used (LRU) application. As LRU-based memory management schemes do not consider the application launch frequency in a low memory situation, currently used mobile operating systems can lead to the termination of a frequently executed application, thereby increasing its relaunch time. This study proposes a memory management system that can efficiently utilize the main memory space by analyzing the application usage information. The proposed system reduces the application launch time by leaving the most frequently used or likely to be run applications in the main memory for as long as possible. The performance evaluation conducted utilizing actual smartphone usage records showed that the proposed memory management system increases the number of times the applications resume from the main memory compared with the conventional memory management system, and that the average application execution time is reduced by approximately 17%.

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“…Android supports the zRAM swap scheme since version 4.4, which makes use of a certain area of DRAM memory as ramdisk and performs swapping to this area in a compressed form [27]. Han et al present a hybrid swapping scheme that supports both secondary-storage swap and zRAM swap [28]. They attempt to swap out all pages in the working set of a process to the zRAM swap space rather than killing the process selected by the low-memory killer, and swap out the least recently used pages into the secondary storage swap space.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining Application Context of Smartphones by Selectively Supporting Swap and Kill

Kim

Bahn

2020

IEEE Access

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With the rapid diffusion of smartphones as well as the technical advances in mobile platform technologies, application domains supported by smartphones have dramatically increased. Unlike traditional computer systems, however, the context of applications may be lost in a smartphone as mobile OS usually kills applications without user's approval when free memory space is exhausted. This was not a serious issue when a smartphone was a personal entertainment device, but it is now significant as a lot of official works are also performed by a smartphone. Instead of killing a process, the context of an application can be backed up to swap storage, but smartphones do not accept it as swap incurs excessively heavy I/O traffic. However, our findings show that the overhead of swap is not serious in recent smartphone devices and it can also be eliminated by judicious software management. This article proposes a selective swap scheme that classifies applications based on their context-saving characteristics, and controls the number of processes involved in swap by monitoring system situations and application characteristics. That is, we maintain the context of applications selectively by swap or application's own state-saving. We implement and measure the effectiveness of our scheme on a real Android device, showing that it provides the context-savings of applications without additional overhead.

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A Hybrid Swapping Scheme Based On Per-Process Reclaim for Performance Improvement of Android Smartphones (August 2018)

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Storage Type and Hot Partition Aware Page Reclamation for NVM Swap in Smartphones

Storage Type and Hot Partition Aware Page Reclamation for NVM Swap in Smartphones

Mobile Memory Management System Based on User’s Application Usage Patterns

Maintaining Application Context of Smartphones by Selectively Supporting Swap and Kill

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