A hypercaloric diet induces hepatic oxidative stress, infiltration of lymphocytes, and mitochondrial reshuffle in Psammomys obesus, a murine model of insulin resistance

Sihali-Beloui, Ouahiba; Aroune, D.; Benazouz, Fella; Hadji, Adile; El-Aoufi, Salima; Marco, Sergio

doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2019.04.003

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…After three and seven months of receiving the high calorie diets, P. obesus developed obesity by increasing lipid storage in metabolic organs such as adipose tissue and the liver. Similar studies showed that P. obesus develops obesity after 3 months of HCD (3.25 and 3.85 kcal/g, respectively) 11,12,21 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The sand rat Psammomys obesus (P. obesus), is an arid-adapted gerbil with a low-calorie herbivorous diet consisting essentially of chenopodiaceae 10 . When subjected to a standard HCD for laboratory rodents, the animal becomes obese in a similar way to humans and develops hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hepatic metabolism dysfunction, myocardial anomalies and T2D 11 . Moreover, it may spontaneously develop a disabling complication of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathological features and metabolic disorders in Tunisian rodent Psammomys obesus fed high-caloric diets

Chrigui,

Haouas,

Taieb

et al. 2024

MRAJ

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This study aimed at investigating the alteration of lipid serum profile and histopathological damage in Psammomys obesus fed different high calorie diets. Animals were randomly assigned to four groups. P. obesus of the control group were fed with a Low-Calorie natural Diet, the Chenopodicae plant (0.42 kcal/g). The three other groups were fed high calorie diets rich in carbohydrates and protein or rich in carbohydrates and fat (~3.5 - 4.7 kcal/g). Lipid serum profile was assessed bimonthly during seven-month diets. The recorded energy intake was significantly high in the groups fed high calorie diets compared with the control group. Body weight was significantly increased in animal groups fed high calorie diets. All Psammomys obesus fed high-calorie diets developed dyslipidemia with the distinction of different sub-groups developing or not obesity and diabetes. High calorie diets rich in carbohydrates and fat induced a remarkable increase in lipid serum biomarkers indicating a fast induction of dyslipidemia from the first month of the experiment with a significant increase in transaminase activities after two months revealing pronounced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity which were confirmed by a significant increase in liver and kidney relative weight and adiposity index. Severe histological alterations were recorded in obese, diabetic and dyslipidemic Psammomys obesus with a noticeable hypertrophy of the adipocytes, glomeruli and islets of Langerhans, as well as increased hepatic lipid droplet accumulation, apoptosis, necrosis and inflammation. A significant decrease in the thickness of the whole retinal layer was also observed after seven-months diet. Animals fed Low-calorie natural diet don’t show any signs of obesity, dyslipidemia or diabetes. The high calorie diets induced rapid and severe changes in body weight, severe metabolic syndrome and histopathological features causing organ structural and functional injuries. Psammomys obesus seems like an excellent model for studying nutritional pathophysiological-metabolic disorders including obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia and their complications, particularly diabetic retinopathy, comparable to those of human metabolic processes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological features and metabolic disorders in Tunisian rodent Psammomys obesus fed high-caloric diets

Chrigui,

Haouas,

Taieb

et al. 2024

MRAJ

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“…Indeed, generally, more than one month is necessary to establish obesity in such animal models. Several studies showed that the sand rat develops obesity after two to three months of HCD (3.25 kcal/g and 3.85 kcal/g, respectively) [ 44 , 53 ]. HCD administration for up to three months caused significant metabolic changes in Meriones shawi rats and resulted in the development of obesity [ 54 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may explain the high levels of HDL observed in HCD rats during the 90 days before the SADE administration. The authors also noticed a decrease in HDL levels ranging from 15–30% following the end of long-term exposure to the HCD [ 28 , 53 ]. The prominent decrease of HDL in the HCD group may be attributed to the disturbances in lipid and associated lipoprotein metabolism and the advanced dyslipidemia stage reached on day 90.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Obesity and Anti-Dyslipidemic Effects of Salicornia arabica Decocted Extract in Tunisian Psammomys obesus Fed a High-Calorie Diet

Chrigui

Taieb

Jemai

et al. 2023

Foods

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Salicornia is a halophyte plant that has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of scurvy, goiter, and hypertension. It is commercialized in Europe and Asia as fresh salads, pickled vegetables, green salt, or tea powder. This work is the first to assess the potential anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemic effects of Salicornia arabica decocted extract (SADE). SADE was characterized by its significant in vitro radical scavenging activity (using DPPH and ABTS assays). The effect of SADE on food intake, weight loss, serum biochemical parameters, liver and kidney weights, adiposity index and on liver histology was investigated in the Tunisian gerbil Psammomys obesus (P. obesus), which is recognized as a relevant animal model of human obesity and diabetes. P. obesus animals were firstly randomly divided into two groups: the first received a natural low-calorie chow diet (LCD), and the second group received a high-calorie diet (HCD) over 12 weeks. On day 90, animals were divided into four groups receiving or not receiving SADE (LCD, LCD + SADE, HCD, and HCD + SADE). If compared to the HCD group, SADE oral administration (300 mg/kg per day during 4 weeks) in HCD + SADE group showed on day 120 a significant decrease in body weight (−34%), blood glucose (−47.85%), serum levels of total cholesterol (−54.92%), LDL cholesterol (−60%), triglycerides (−48.03%), and of the levels of hepatic enzymes: ASAT (−66.28%) and ALAT (−31.87%). Oral administration of SADE restored the relative liver weight and adiposity index and significantly limited HCD-induced hepatic injury in P. obesus. SADE seems to have promising in vivo anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemic effects.

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“…A highfat diet is associated with abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis, which is also associated with increased free radical production, inflammation and insulin resistance [137][138][139]. A hypercaloric high-carbohydrate diet drives similar pathways [140], as well as a high salt diet [141]; these are core constituents of a poor quality Western-style diet. It is also possible that there is trans-generational inheritance of mitochondrial dysfunction induced by poor diet [142].…”

Section: Mitochondrial Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and depression: exploring the biological mechanisms of action

et al. 2020

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The field of nutritional psychiatry has generated observational and efficacy data supporting a role for healthy dietary patterns in depression onset and symptom management. To guide future clinical trials and targeted dietary therapies, this review provides an overview of what is currently known regarding underlying mechanisms of action by which diet may influence mental and brain health. The mechanisms of action associating diet with health outcomes are complex, multifaceted, interacting, and not restricted to any one biological pathway. Numerous pathways were identified through which diet could plausibly affect mental health. These include modulation of pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunction, the gut microbiota, tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism, the HPA axis, neurogenesis and BDNF, epigenetics, and obesity. However, the nascent nature of the nutritional psychiatry field to date means that the existing literature identified in this review is largely comprised of preclinical animal studies. To fully identify and elucidate complex mechanisms of action, intervention studies that assess markers related to these pathways within clinically diagnosed human populations are needed.

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A hypercaloric diet induces hepatic oxidative stress, infiltration of lymphocytes, and mitochondrial reshuffle in Psammomys obesus, a murine model of insulin resistance

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Histopathological features and metabolic disorders in Tunisian rodent Psammomys obesus fed high-caloric diets

Histopathological features and metabolic disorders in Tunisian rodent Psammomys obesus fed high-caloric diets

Anti-Obesity and Anti-Dyslipidemic Effects of Salicornia arabica Decocted Extract in Tunisian Psammomys obesus Fed a High-Calorie Diet

Diet and depression: exploring the biological mechanisms of action

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