A Importância Dos Serviços Ecossistêmicos Para O Desenvolvimento Econômico E O Bem-Estar Social Na Percepção Da População: O Caso Da Floresta Nacional De Carajás

Abstract

O estudo avaliou a percepção da população da região de Carajás sobre a influência da exploração dos recursos naturais, envolvendo desmatamento e queimadas, urbanização, alteração no clima e preservação da Floresta Nacional de Carajás sobre a economia e o bem-estar da população local. Aplicou-se a análise multivariada para associar um conjunto amplo de variáveis na definição de indicadores representativos das dimensões ambiental e ecológica. Os resultados indicaram que mais de 80% das pessoas entrevistadas afirmaram ter conhecimento sobre a importância da Flona de Carajás para o desempenho das atividades econômicas e do bem-estar da população do seu entorno. Os indicadores das dimensões ambiental e ecológica foram considerados, por mais de 52% dos entrevistados, como de alta importância para compor o valor econômico total da Flona e contribuir para sua preservação e/ou gestão sustentável. Conclui-se que a população local percebe e qualifica os efeitos das mudanças causadas pela ação antrópica sobre os recursos naturais sobre o desempenho da economia e a qualidade de vida das pessoas.Palavras-chave: economia ambiental, serviços ecossistêmicos, unidade de conservação, Floresta Amazônica. THE IMPORTANCE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL WELFARE IN THE POPULATION’S PERCEPTION: THE CASE OF THE CARAJÁS NATIONAL FOREST ABSTRACT:This study evaluates the perceptions of the population residing in the region of Carajás with respect to the natural resource exploitation, deforestation and forest fires, urbanization, climate change and the preservation of the Carajás National Forest, considering the economy and welfare of local the population. Multivariate analysis was applied to associate a wide group of variables with the representative indicators in environmental and ecological dimensions. Interviews with local people indicate that more than 80% of all interviewed are aware of the importance of the Carajás Flona for the development of economic activities and for the population´s welfare in their surroundings. Indicators of environmental and ecological dimensions were regarded by more than 52% of interviewees as being of great importance to the composition the total economic value of Flona and to contribute to preservation or sustainable management. We conclude that the local population adequately perceived and qualified the effects of the changes caused by the anthropic action on the natural resources with respect to the development of economy and the quality of life of the people.Keywords: environmental economics, ecosystem services, conservation unit, Amazon Forest.

The Value of Agroforestry Ecosystem Services Provided in Rural Communities in the Eastern Amazon (Tomé-Açu – PA, Brazil)

“…It is worth noting that this indicator tends to highlight the degree of perception of interviewees about the socioeconomic and environmental benefits generated by the ASTAs in Tomé -Aç u for the welfare and quality of life of local, regional and global society; integrating perceptions and behaviors related to the sustainability of natural assets with respect to its conservation for future generations (Quintero-Angel; Gonzá lez-Acevedo ,2018; Santana et al, 2018).…”

“…The environmental indicator reflects the participation of the environmental component in the total economic value of the ASTAs' natural assets. This knowledge integrates the factors of the environmental economy that admits the use of natural assets with the manufactured ones in non-fixed proportions, considering different degrees of substitution in the generation of other products and services, with factors used in the Ecological Economy analyses that admits the use of natural assets in relatively fixed proportions with the manufactured assets, admitting the substitutability among the assets only at the limit (Costanza et al 1997;Santana et al, 2016;Santana et al, 2018).…”

“…In fact, these systems account for the ecosystem services produced by the natural assets of the ASTAs of rural properties in the municipality of Tomé -Aç u (Barros et al, 2009;Santana et al, 2018). However, the interaction of fauna and flora in the ASTAs of rural properties generates a continuous flow of ecosystem services.…”

“…In this context, the value of these services can be incorporated into the rural properties value and should be compensated by the benefits they produce for the population and the environment, once they acknowledge their importance and declare their willingness to pay to continue enjoying these benefits or to receive them through substitution by other environmentally deficient production systems Santana et al, 2018). Therefore, the question to be answered on this research is how much the population are willing to pay, besides the price of bare land, for ecosystem services of supply, regulation, culture and formation of soil structures, water courses, vegetation and biodiversity provided by ASTAs?…”

Dinâmica Temporal De Focos De Calor E Seus Condutores De Pressão No Território Do Sudeste Paraense

“…Em seguida, para identificar os principais agentes causadores do fator de pressão-mudança no ambiente, foram selecionados estudos hodiernos internacionais e nacionais, como o de Martins (2016) e Santana et al (2018), que obtiveram resultados promissores em suas intervenções científicas utilizando o modelo DPSIR e outras ferramentas acuradas, a priori, com missão de identificar forças que empurram espontaneamente o desmatamento no território da Amazônia Legal brasileira.…”