A joint detection, localization and respiratory rate estimation of multiple static persons using UWB radar

Recent development of respiratory rate measurement technologies

“…Radar-based RR monitoring has been proposed since the 1970s (Sun and Matsui 2015). Some commonly used radars in RR monitoring include continuous wave (CW) Doppler radar (Chung et al 2016), ultra-wideband (UWB) radar (Kocur et al 2017), frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar (Adib et al 2015, Van Loon et al 2016, and stepped-frequency continuous wave (SFCW) radar (Dang et al 2015). Compared with other non-contact RR monitoring methods, such as thermal imaging and video camera imaging, RF methods could provide larger detection areas, with the distance of detection longer than 3 m (Al-Naji et al 2017).…”

“…Compared with other non-contact RR monitoring methods, such as thermal imaging and video camera imaging, RF methods could provide larger detection areas, with the distance of detection longer than 3 m (Al-Naji et al 2017). Physiologically, respiration provides an important radar-based body-detection method since it was the only observable body movement in sleep and coma (Kocur et al 2017). Respiration also influences the radar detection of organs and tumor (Li et al 2017).…”

“…The application background of radar-derived RR has been extended in recent studies. The simultaneous monitoring of multiple subjects could be fulfilled by UWB and SFCW radars (Dang et al 2015, Kocur et al 2017. By transforming the smartphone into an active sonar device using 18-20 kHz sound waves, the Doppler radar could simultaneously monitor RR on multiple subjects.…”

“…The simultaneous monitoring of RR on multiple human subjects could be fulfilled by using geophones (Jia et al 2017), WiFi devices (Wang et al 2016), and radar devices (Nandakumar et al 2015, Kocur et al 2017. The current methods of multiple-subject RR monitoring have some limitations.…”

“…The current methods of multiple-subject RR monitoring have some limitations. For example, the subjects must be static (Kocur et al 2017), or have different RR values (Wang et al 2016). Future research and investigation are needed towards the simultaneous real-time RR monitoring on multiple subjects based on less clinical resources, with the capability to be applied in the large-scale screening of potentially contagious patients in public places such as airports.…”