A karyotype comparison between two species of bordered plant bugs (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Largidae) by conventional chromosome staining, C-banding and rDNA-FISH

Abstract

A cytogenetic characterization, including heterochromatin content, and the analysis of the location of rDNA genes, was performed in Largus fasciatus Blanchard, 1843 and L. rufipennis Laporte, 1832. Mitotic and meiotic analyses revealed the same diploid chromosome number 2n = 12 + X0/XX (male/female). Heterochromatin content, very scarce in both species, revealed C-blocks at both ends of autosomes and X chromosome. The most remarkable cytological feature observed between both species was the different chromosome position of the NORs. This analysis allowed us to use the NORs as a cytological marker because two clusters of rDNA genes are located at one end of one pair of autosomes in L. fasciatus, whereas a single rDNA cluster is located at one terminal region of the X chromosome in L. rufipennis. Taking into account our results and previous data obtained in other heteropteran species, the conventional staining, chromosome bandings, and rDNA-FISH provide important chromosome markers for cytotaxonomy, karyotype evolution, and chromosome structure and organization studies.

A chromosomal analysis of Nepa cinerea Linnaeus, 1758 and Ranatra linearis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Heteroptera, Nepidae)

“…These chromosomes lack physical landmarks such as primary constrictions (the centromeres) and thus possess very few differentiating features. In recent years, different chromosome banding techniques (primarily C-, fluorochrome- and AgNOR-bandings) and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) have made it possible to get some chromosomal markers in karyotypes of Heteroptera (e.g., Grozeva et al 2003 , 2004 , 2010 , 2011 , 2015 , Angus et al 2004 , Waller and Angus 2005 , Bressa et al 2005 , 2009 , Angus 2006 , Papeschi and Bressa 2006 , Panzera et al 2010 , 2012 , Poggio et al 2011 , 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , Kuznetsova et al 2012 , 2015 , Chirino et al 2013 , 2017 , Chirino and Bressa 2014 , Golub et al 2015 , 2016 , Pita et al 2016 , Salanitro et al 2017 ).…”

Comparative molecular cytogenetics in Melipona Illiger species (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

“…Characteristics such as conserved DNA sequences and large variation in the number of copies make ribosomal genes good cytological markers in the characterization of the chromosome set by in situ hybridization, making possible to make inferences about genetic variability, intra and interspecific divergence (Rafael et al, 2003;Sochorová et al, 2018). This technique has been used in studies of different insect orders, such as Lepidoptera (Nguyen et al, 2010), Diptera (Roy et al, 2005), Hymenoptera (Carabajal Paladino et al, 2013) and Hemiptera (Salanitro et al, 2017) using homologous probes. In the Coleoptera (Vitturi et al, 1999), Orthoptera Loreto et al, 2008), Lepidoptera (Vershinina et al, 2015) and Hymenoptera (Hirai et al, 1996) heterologous probes were also used.…”

Cytogenetic Characterization of Eight Odonata Species Originating from the Curonian Spit (the Baltic Sea, Russia) Using C-Banding and FISH with 18S rDNA and Telomeric (TTAGG)_n Probes

“…The development of various chromosome banding techniques, primarily C-banding, silver nitrate staining of the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), and staining with the base-specific fluorochromes DAPI and CMA 3 , promoted advances in the cytogenetics of different groups of insects including those with holokinetic chromosomes [Kuznetsova et al, 1997[Kuznetsova et al, , 2003Grozeva and Nokkala, 2001;Maryańska-Nadachowska et al, 2001, 2008Mandrioli, 2002;Angus et al, 2004;Golub et al, 2004Golub et al, , 2014Criniti et al, 2005;Lanzone and de Souza, 2006;Mohan et al, 2010;Monti et al, 2011;Poggio et al, 2011;Mandrioli et al, 2014;Salanitro et al, 2017]. C-bands represent regions of constitutive heterochromatin and largely consist of transcriptionally inactive, highly repeated DNA sequences.…”