A kinetic model for pyrolysis of cellulose

Bradbury, Allan G. W.; Sakai, Yoshio; Shafizadeh, Fred

doi:10.1002/app.1979.070231112

Cited by 805 publications

(572 citation statements)

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“…A reaction model for solid phase heat treatment is shown in Scheme 1 and is usually described as two parallel reactions preceded by an initiation step, also called the Broido-Shafizadeh model [10,12]. At lower temperatures and heating rates, the path for solids and gases is preferred, but at higher temperatures and heating rates the path of the tarry volatiles will be followed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory simulations of the transformation of peas as a result of heat treatment: changes of the physical and chemical properties

Braadbaart

Boon

Veld³

et al. 2004

Journal of Archaeological Science

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The residues of heated organic remains, usually called carbonized or charred remains, are ubiquitous in the archaeological record and are often used to interpret certain aspects of past ways of living. This study focuses on the physical and chemical alterations, both as a function of temperature and time that occur when the transformation of a polysaccharide-rich biomass is simulated in the laboratory. Peas (Pisum sativum) are heated at temperatures ranging from 130-700 (C under anoxic conditions and atmospheric pressure, during a maximum of 2 h. Changes in weight and the relative percentages of C, N, H and O are noted alongside modifications of the internal and external morphology. Vitrinite reflectance provides an elegant tool to determine the heating temperature of the residues. The kinetics that determine the changes and modifications are discussed. The resulting solid products of the heating process can be conveniently considered in five phases, which fit the physical and chemical properties. The simulation provides a rigorous basis for the study of the formation processes, as applied in the archaeology, after the so-called "carbonization" process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory simulations of the transformation of peas as a result of heat treatment: changes of the physical and chemical properties

Braadbaart

Boon

Veld³

et al. 2004

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…These thermal breakdown reactions are very complex and have not been well characterized, but it is thought that many free radical-type compounds are present in the promptly formed products. We know however, that if not rapidly quenched these compounds can crack further into smaller molecular weight fragments and/or polymerize into larger fragments, both at the expense of fragments making up the desired liquid product [7,3]. The combination of these processing requirements, a short residence time, and immediate cooling of the vapors, can be thought of in terms of a "cracking severity" (combined effect of temperature and time), which generally defines the optimized operating parameters.…”

Section: Heat Transfer Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the global petroleum supply restrictions in the early 1970s, and the subsequent price increases, the use of biomass as a source of energy saw renewed interest. This interest accelerated the research and development of thermal processes and investigators began to gain a better understanding of how the various components of biomass break down in high temperature environments [3]. By this time the community of researchers investigating thermochemical conversion pathways had grown substantially.…”

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confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Pyrolysis Oil Production: A Technology Assessment and Economic Analysis

Ringer¹,

Putsche²,

Scahill³

2006

241

235

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Executive SummaryPyrolysis is one of a number of possible paths for converting biomass to higher value products. As such, this technology can play a role in a biorefinery model to expand the suite of product options available from biomass. The intent of this report is to provide the reader with a broad perspective of pyrolysis technology as it relates to converting biomass substrates to a liquid "bio oil" product, and a detailed technical and economic assessment of a fast pyrolysis plant producing 16 tonne/day of bio-oil.The international research community has developed a considerable body of knowledge on the topic over the last twenty-five years. The first part of this report attempts to synthesize much of this information into the relevant issues that are important to advancing pyrolysis technology to commercialization. The most relevant topics fall under the following categories: 1) Technical requirements for converting biomass to high yields of liquid bio-oil 2) Reactor designs capable of meeting technical requirements 3) Bio-oil stability issues and recent findings that address the problem 4) Product specifications and standards that need to be established 5) Applications for using bio-oil in existing or modified end use devices 6) Environmental, safety, and health issues For the bio-oil plant technical and economic analysis, the process is based on fast pyrolysis, which is composed of five major processing areas: feed handling and drying, pyrolysis, char combustion, product recovery, and steam generation. An ASPEN model was developed to simulate the operation of the bio-oil production plant. Based on a 550 tonne/day biomass (wood chips, 50% by mass water content) feed, the cost of the bio-oil for a fully equity financed plant and 10% internal rate of return is $7.62/GJ on a lower heating value (LHV) basis.

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“…Sin embargo, la aplicación de la esta tecnología para la recuperación de las llantas en desuso es de interés resiente. Algunas investigaciones sobre la pirolisis de desecho han sido publicadas desde hace mucho tiempo, por ejemplo, en [15] se estudió un modelo cinético de la pirolisis de biomasa o residuos de celulosa.…”

Section: Composición Y Características De Las Llantas En Desusounclassified

Métodos para Caracterizar Combustibles Líquidos y Gaseosos Obtenidos de Llantas en Desuso a Través de las Normas ASTM.

Ospina

Villada‐Gil

2011

Lámpsakos

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Resumen This article shows the importance energy characterization of liquid and gaseous fuels obtained from the known pyrolysis heat treatment by microwave. The characterization of these fuels will take into account technical standards such as ASTM D3452 -93 for gas chromatography (GC), ASTM D2549 for gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC / MS) and ASTM D6370 -99 to thermogravimetry in the analysis of the composition of the tires.It also shows that these pyrolytic oils and gases have a high calorific value of 42 MJ / kg and a sulfur content between 0.8 and 1.65 wt%, depending on the type of tire and process conditions. Este artículo muestra la importancia de la caracterización de la energía de combustibles líquidos y gaseosos obtenidos del conocido tratamiento térmico de pirolisis a través de un microondas. La caracterización de estos combustibles tomará en cuenta los estándares técnicos tales como ASTM D3452 -93 para la cromatografía de gases (GC), ASTM D2549 para cromatografía de gas/ espectrometría de masa (GC/MS) y ASTM D6370 -99 para termogravimetría en el análisis de la composición de llantas.También muestra que estos combustibles y gases de pirolisis tiene una alta valor calorífico de 42 MJ / Kg y un contenido de azufre entre 0.8 y 1.65 Wt%, dependiendo en el tipo de llanta y las condiciones del proceso.

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A kinetic model for pyrolysis of cellulose

Cited by 805 publications

References 0 publications

Laboratory simulations of the transformation of peas as a result of heat treatment: changes of the physical and chemical properties

Laboratory simulations of the transformation of peas as a result of heat treatment: changes of the physical and chemical properties

Large-Scale Pyrolysis Oil Production: A Technology Assessment and Economic Analysis

Métodos para Caracterizar Combustibles Líquidos y Gaseosos Obtenidos de Llantas en Desuso a Través de las Normas ASTM.

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