A kinetic study of the esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in sunflower oil

Berrios, M.; Siles, J.A.; Martı́n, M.A.; Martín, A.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2007.02.002

Cited by 273 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Employing a linear regression method, the angular coefficient (-E/R) of the curve obtained allows us to calculate the activation energy of this process, which was equal to 46.79 kJ.mol −1 . This value obtained was very close to those values of activation energy obtained by Berrios and coworkers [21]; those authors determined that the activation energy of this [10]. In this work, Cardoso and coworkers [10] dedicated special attention to determine the tin content in the samples of biodiesel produced.…”

Section: Tin Chloride Catalyzed-ffa Esterification Reactionssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

Ferreira

Cardoso

Silva

2012

ISRN Renewable Energy

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The recent increase in the world biofuels demand, along with the need to reduce costs while improving the environmental sustainability of the biodiesel production, have led to the search for catalysts that should be economically viable, efficient, and environmentally friendly. This paper reviews recent research and development of organic and inorganic tin catalysts; focusing on kinetic properties and catalytic activity in two key reactions for biodiesel production: free fatty acids (FFA) esterification and triglycerides (TG) transesterification. First the basic knowledge of homogeneous tin catalysts in esterification reactions of different carboxylic acids is provided. Second, main advances obtained in the study of FFA esterification reactions catalyzed by tin chloride are covered. The effect of the principal parameters of reaction on the yield and rate of alkyl esters production is described. Kinetic measurements allowed the determination of the activation energy (46.79 kJ mol −1 ) and a first-order dependence in relation to both FFA and tin chloride catalyst concentration. Aspects related to recycling of the tin chloride catalyst in phase homogeneous are discussed. Third the advances obtained in the development of homogeneous catalysts based on tin complexes in transesterification reactions are summarized. Finally, results obtained from the use of tin organometallics compounds in reactions of vegetable oils transesterification reactions are concisely presented. The optimization of processes catalytic homogeneous utilized in the transesterification reactions can contribute to the improvement of the technology biodiesel production.

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Section: Tin Chloride Catalyzed-ffa Esterification Reactionssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…oleic acid with ethyl alcohol. The approach employed was similar to that made by Berrios and coworkers [21], but with small modifications, which was based on the following assumptions.…”

Section: Tin Chloride Catalyzed-ffa Esterification Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

Ferreira

Cardoso

Silva

2012

ISRN Renewable Energy

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“…The value of the activation energy for this esterification reaction of PFAD is 28.14 kJmol -1 K -1 . The activation energy was relatively low compared to other previous studies in Ang et al (2015) and Berrios et al (2007) which had shown the highest activation energy of 50.745 and 40 kJmol -1 K -1 , respectively. Smaller value of activation energy will be more favourable in designing a reactor for chemical plant.…”

Section: Analysis Of Biodieselcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Production of Biodiesel from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate by Microwave-Assisted Sulfonated Glucose Acid Catalyst

Saimon¹,

Heng²,

Johari³

et al. 2018

JSM

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“…Based on the chemical kinetics theory, high activation energy was needed by a chemical reaction for breaking down the tetrahedral intermediate compounds to turn into the main product and by-product after those form the initial complex and transition states which consumed low activation energy. Similar work reported that the necessity of the activation energy for the esterification of FFA in sunflower oil was about 50.7 KJmol −1 (Berrios et al, 2007). However, in this study, the activation energy for the esterification of FFA in Oleum papaveris seminis oil was 60.9 KJmol −1 .…”

Section: Kinetics Modelcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Conversion of <em>Oleum papaveris seminis</em> oil into methyl esters via esterification process: Optimization and kinetic study

Syam¹,

Rashid²,

Yunus³

et al. 2016

Grasas y Aceites

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SUMMARY:This paper presents an acid pre-treatment process and a kinetic study for the esterification reaction of Oleum papaveris seminis oil with methanol in the presence of amberlite 120 as a solid catalyst to convert the oil into methyl esters. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the reaction parameters, i.e. reaction time, percentage of the catalyst and volume ratio of methanol to oil. The results revealed that 0.87% w/w of catalyst concentration and 44.70% v/v of methanol to oil ratio provided final free fatty acid (FFA) contents of 0.60% w/w at 102.40 min of reaction time. It proved that the contribution of Amberlite 120 in the esterification of FFA was highly significant. The kinetics of the esterification in Oleum papaveris seminis oil with methanol in the presence of the amberlite 120 catalyst were also investigated to establish the reaction rate constant (k), reaction order, and activation energy. The study was performed under the optimized parameters at three reaction temperatures (50, 55, and 60 °C). The value of k was in the range of 0.013 to 0.027 min Optimización y estudio cinético. En este artículo se presenta un proceso de pre-tratamiento con ácido, y un estudio cinético de la reacción de esterificación. Se utiliza Oleum papaveris seminis con metanol en presencia de Amberlite 120 como catalizador sólido para la formación de los ésteres metílicos. Se aplicó una metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM) para optimizar los parámetros de la reacción; es decir, tiempo de reacción, porcentaje de la relación de catalizador y volumen de metanol -aceite. Los resultados mostraron que el 0,87% w/w de la concentración de catalizador y 44,70% v/v de metanol en relación al aceite dan lugar a un contenido final de ácidos grasos libres (FFA) de 0,60% w/w en 102,40 min de tiempo de reacción. Se demostró que la contribución de Amberlite 120 en la esterificación de los FFA fue altamente significativa. La cinética de la esterificación del Oleum papaveris Seminis con metanol en presencia del catalizador Amberlite 120 también se investigó para establecer la constante de velocidad de reacción (k), orden de la reacción, y la energía de activación. El estudio se realizó bajo los parámetros optimizados a tres temperaturas de reacción (50, 55, y 60 °C). El valor de la constante k fué del rango de 0.013 a 0,027 min −1 . El modelo de cinética de primer orden fue el adecuado para esta esterificación FFA irreversible con una energía de activación de aproximadamente 60,9 KJ mol −1 .

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A kinetic study of the esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in sunflower oil

Cited by 273 publications

References 13 publications

Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

Production of Biodiesel from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate by Microwave-Assisted Sulfonated Glucose Acid Catalyst

Conversion of <em>Oleum papaveris seminis</em> oil into methyl esters via esterification process: Optimization and kinetic study

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