Abstract:This article introduces a new approach to the analysis of nonlinear RF/microwave systems or subsystems described at the circuit level and excited by sinusoidal carriers modulated by arbitrary baseband signals. The circuit is simulated by a sequence of harmonic‐balance analyses based on a Krylov‐subspace method driven by an inexact Newton loop, and suitably modified to account for coupling with a finite number of preceding time instants. The Jacobian matrix of the nonlinear solving system is computed by an exac… Show more
“…It is specifically suitable for analyzing periodic or quasi-periodic circuit responses with slowly varying amplitudes (Feldmann& Roychowdhury, 1996;Kundert et al, 1988;Rizzoli et al, 1999;Silveira et al, 1991;. The principal idea of the HB-based envelope-following analysis is to handle the slowly varying amplitude, called envelope, of the fast carrier separately from the carrier itself, which requires the following mathematical representation of each signal in the circuit…”
“…It is specifically suitable for analyzing periodic or quasi-periodic circuit responses with slowly varying amplitudes (Feldmann& Roychowdhury, 1996;Kundert et al, 1988;Rizzoli et al, 1999;Silveira et al, 1991;. The principal idea of the HB-based envelope-following analysis is to handle the slowly varying amplitude, called envelope, of the fast carrier separately from the carrier itself, which requires the following mathematical representation of each signal in the circuit…”
“…Finally, the elastic constant k and the MEMS selfresonant frequency coo are found by structural analysis [3], and the effective mass m is computed as k/c,02. Other nonlinear devices are described by ordinary timedomain equations [5]. The latter and the MEMS equations (1) are then simultaneously solved by the HB technique together with the frequency-domain linear subnetwork equations.…”
Section: Nonlinear Analysis Of Circuits Contain-mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With this technique, a local multitone HB analysis under RF excitation only is carried out at each envelope-sampling instant, and is backwards-coupled to the preceding ones through the envelope dynamics [5]. Within such framework, ordinary nonlinear devices such as diodes or transistors are normally described by a set of constitutive relations expressing the instantaneous currents and capacitances (or charges) as a function of the applied voltages.…”
Section: Description Of the Behavioral Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…....., t . ANN1 thus has 2m + 1 inputs and 1 output, and its Tl!/5 map may be cast in the form (5) CO(tn) = F tnV02() tn-C)( 2) V C0(tn-m) ] CO (tn_ I), CO (tn-2 ), X X CO (tn-m)] This network is trained by the switch responses to a sequence of DC voltage steps spanning the entire range of bias values of practical interest, computed by nonlinear simulation in the absence of any RF signal. ANN2 is excited by the filtered component of the signal (4) whose spectrum falls inside the mechanical passband BW as explained above, and computes the deviation of the MEMS capacitance C(t) from its equilibrium value Co(t).…”
Section: Description Of the Behavioral Modelmentioning
The simulation of nonlinear distortion and transient effects in MEMS-reconfigurable microwave circuits and systems of large size is efficiently performed by resorting to a novel behavioral model of MEMS switches. The model is organized in such a way as to allow its standalone use as well as its insertion into a general-purpose envelope-transient simulator based on the harmonic balance principle, in much the same way as an ordinary circuit component.
“…This unavoidably leads to an intensive use of computer resources, especially in the most important case of digitally modulated RF drive. In order to circumvent this problem, in this paper we propose a new artificial neural network (ANN) based behavioural model that can be easily developed from harmonicbalance (HB) analysis under sinusoidal excitation and provides speedups of several orders of magnitude in system analysis, even with respect to modern envelopeoriented techniques [4]. The model is frequency dependent and fully accounts for nonlinear dispersion effects, thus allowing relatively broadband signals to be accurately handled.…”
The simulation of integrated self-oscillating microstrip antennas injection-locked by digitally modulated RF signals is a complex task requiring the concurrent use of electromagnetic analysis, envelope-oriented harmonic balance, and bifurcation theory. The paper discusses the development of a class of neural behavioural models that can be used to accurately and efficiently describe these subsystems in a way suitable for large-size system simulation.
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