A Laboratory Diagnostic Approach to Hepatobiliary Disease in Small Animals

Chapman, Sonia A.; Hostutler, Roger A.

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.07.005

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…ALP is indication enzyme found in the cell membrane of the liver and the elevation of this enzyme indicates primary hepatic disease ( Han et al, 2012 ). Whereas ALT and AST are leakage enzyme, and their elevation indicates significant hepatocellular damage ( Chapman and Hostutler, 2013 ). In the present study, the levels of these enzymes were found significantly increased in the HFD rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Rich Extract of Garcinia pedunculata Fruit Attenuates the Hyperlipidemia Induced by High Fat Diet

et al. 2016

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Fatty foods, the most common diet today are the crux of many metabolic disorders which need urgent attention. Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. (GP, Clusiaceae) is a plant found available in Northeast (NE) region of India, is considered to have versatile therapeutic properties. The people of this region has been using dried pulp of GP fruit for the treatment of different stomach related diseases traditionally. This study aimed at evaluating the potential therapeutic action of the polyphenol-rich methanolic extract of the fruit in experimental induced obese rats. In vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of GP extracts, i.e., fruit extract (GF) and seed extract (GS) were determined by using various methods viz., 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS•+), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and α-glucosidase inhibition assay for detection of antihyperglycemic activity. In vivo antilipidemic and antiobesity activities were evaluated by administrating oral dose of GF for 60 days on a high-fat diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemia in the rat. GF showed higher antioxidant activity than GS by DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 = 4.01 μg/ml), ABTS•+ (IC50 = 0.82 μg/ml), NBT (IC50 = 0.07 μg/ml) and also showed notable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 19.26 μg/ml). Furthermore, GF treated rat revealed a reduction in the body weight (~60%), serum total cholesterol (33%), triglycerides (32%), low-density lipoprotein (38%) and liver biomarker enzymes after 60 days HFD fed animals. Simultaneously, GF supplementation significantly protected the HFD induced changes in hematological parameters. Histological observations clearly differentiate the structural changes in liver of HFD and GF treated group. This novel dietary lipid adsorbing agent of GF exhibited prevention of hyperlipidemia induced by HFD in the rat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Rich Extract of Garcinia pedunculata Fruit Attenuates the Hyperlipidemia Induced by High Fat Diet

et al. 2016

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“…Both ALT and AST are leakage enzymes, and their elevation in circulation indicates significant hepatocellular damage. Toxicity, inflammation, hypoxia, and tissue trauma may form the underlying reason for their elevation ( 41 , 42 ). Our results revealed that HSE treatment significantly reduced ALT and AST; therefore HSE ameliorated the potential liver damage caused by HFD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect ofHibiscus sabdariffaextract on high fat diet–induced obesity and liver damage in hamsters

Huang¹,

Chang²,

Kao

et al. 2015

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundObesity is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increase in adipogenesis and often accompanied with fatty liver disease.ObjectiveIn this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa water extract (HSE) in vivo.MethodEight-weeks-old male mice were divided into six groups (n=8 per group) and were fed either normal feed, a high fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with different concentrations of HSE, or HFD supplemented with anthocyanin. After 10 weeks of feeding, all the blood and livers were collected for further analysis.ResultsMesocricetus auratus hamster fed with a high-fat diet developed symptoms of obesity, as determined from their body weight change and from their plasma lipid levels. Meanwhile, HSE treatment reduced fat accumulation in the livers of hamsters fed with HFD in a concentration-dependent manner. Administration of HSE reduced the levels of liver cholesterol and triglycerides, which were elevated by HFD. Analysis of the effect of HSE on paraoxonase 1, an antioxidant liver enzyme, revealed that HSE potentially regulates lipid peroxides and protects organs from oxidation-associated damage. The markers of liver damage such as serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels that were elevated by HFD were also reduced on HSE treatment. The effects of HSE were as effective as treatment with anthocyanin; therefore the anthocyanins present in the HSE may play a crucial role in the protection established against HFD-induced obesity.ConclusionsIn conclusion HSE administration constitutes an effective and viable treatment strategy against the development and consequences of obesity.

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“…[ 13 ] also reported normal hepatic enzyme levels in liver cirrhosis. High ALP could indicate primary hepatic disease; however, in dogs ALP is not liver-specific and its elevation may be due extrahepatic sources [ 14 ]. Hence, high ALP levels, in this study may be of extrahepatic origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-hemato-biochemical profile of dogs with liver cirrhosis

et al. 2015

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Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the relevant tools in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in dogs.Material and Methods:A total of 140 dogs presented at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, showing clinical signs of hepatic insufficiency were subjected to clinico-hemato biochemical, urological, ultrasonographic (USG), and USG guided fine-needle biopsy examinations by standard methods. On the basis of these results, 6 dogs out of 140 dogs were found to be suffering from liver cirrhosis. Six clinically healthy dogs constituted the control group.Results:The dogs suffering from liver cirrhosis manifested inappetence, halitosis, abdominal distension, weight loss, melena, icterus, anemia, and neutrophilic leukocytosis with the left shift. Levels of hemoglobin, lymphocytes, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), and platelet count were significantly lower in liver cirrhosis group than control group while total leukocyte count, neutrophils, and MCH concentration were significantly higher. Glucose, total protein, albumin, A/G ratio, and fibrinogen were significantly lower, and creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin time, and APTT were significantly higher than the control values. Ultrasound revealed diffuse increase in echogenicity with rounded and irregular liver margins. Cytological examination of the ascitic fluid and fine-needle aspiration biopsy of liver was not fruitful in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.Conclusions:Liver cirrhosis causes clinical and hemo-biochemical alterations, which require special consideration when treating diseased animals. USG, diffuse increase in echogenicity of liver, rounding and irregularity of liver margins and microhepatica were the consistent findings. It is suggested that USG along with hemo-biochemical alterations may be used as a diagnostic tool for liver cirrhosis in dogs.

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A Laboratory Diagnostic Approach to Hepatobiliary Disease in Small Animals

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Polyphenol Rich Extract of Garcinia pedunculata Fruit Attenuates the Hyperlipidemia Induced by High Fat Diet

Polyphenol Rich Extract of Garcinia pedunculata Fruit Attenuates the Hyperlipidemia Induced by High Fat Diet

Effect ofHibiscus sabdariffaextract on high fat diet–induced obesity and liver damage in hamsters

Clinico-hemato-biochemical profile of dogs with liver cirrhosis

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