A laboratory-scale graywater treatment system based on a membrane filtration and oxidation process — characteristics of graywater from a residential complex

Kim, Joonkyu; Song, In Han; Oh, Hyun Seok; Jong, Jisun; Park, Joonhong; Choung, Youn-Kyoo

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2008.08.001

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Untreated or barely treated wastewater may be also allocated for irrigation of crops following some technical guidelines to reduce health and environmental risks (WHO, 2006). In spite of the possible potable uses (Leverenz et al, 2011), non-potable uses in this reuse system are more reasonable, such as for agricultural and urban park irrigation, fish farms, industrial uses (cooling, processing), fire fighting, dust control and toilet flushing among others (Abeysinghe et al, 1996;Üstün et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2009).…”

Section: Direct Wastewater Reusementioning

confidence: 98%

Reusing wastewater to cope with water scarcity: Economic, social and environmental considerations for decision-making

Garcia

Pargament

2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

228

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Section: Direct Wastewater Reusementioning

confidence: 98%

Reusing wastewater to cope with water scarcity: Economic, social and environmental considerations for decision-making

Garcia

Pargament

2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

228

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“…With the proved performance of membrane processes in wastewater and GW treatment, membrane filtration is also widely accepted in RW treatment (Kim et al, 2005(Kim et al, , 2007Kitiphatmontree et al, 2009). Han and Mun (2009) studied sedimentation of particles in a RW storage tank to maximize the settling capacity, and thus, water quality improvement.…”

Section: Overview Of Treatment Technologies and Reusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, biofilters were used as pretreatment. Kitiphatmontree et al (2009) used a granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration unit followed by a microfiltration (MF) unit to treat RW, where GAC removed up to 40% of dissolved organic compound (DOC), over 80% of nitrate and 35% of phosphate, and MF removed all microorganisms. Kim et al (2007); and Kim et al (2005) (runoff from roof), respectively.…”

Section: Overview Of Treatment Technologies and Reusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Processes for Greywater and Rainwater Treatment

Hu¹,

Zhang²

2012

Membrane Technology and Environmental Applications

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As water scarcity being more urgent, water reuse has been receiving increased attention. Greywater (GW) is generally considered as municipal wastewater excluding that from kitchen and toilet flushing system (Nolde, 1999). With its low pollution level characteristics and representation of 60-70% of domestic wastewater (Friedler et al., 2005), GW is an ideal source for water reclamation. On the other hand, rainwater (RW) or stormwater also serves as an alternative water source, and is considered as one of the best existing approach to sustainable urban development (Kim et al., 2005). People in Thailand have been using RW as drinking water for centuries, especially in rural areas. Similar practice occurs in Bermuda as the residents harvest RW on rooftops to satisfy their freshwater needs (Levesque et al., 2008). Common pollutants in RW are found to be microorganisms, particles, colloids, heavy metals, organics, etc.. They originate from the contacts with the air and catchment surfaces, which make RW even less contaminated than GW, and hence an alternative for water recycling.Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is promising in water reclamation as it produces good effluent quality, provides various plant sizes, and increases treatment system reliability while lowers the latent reuse risks (Fane and Fane, 2005). The feature of long solids retention times (SRTs) results in the ease of MBR operation. Recently, considerable research has been conducted on using MBRs to treat GW and RW, together with other treatment technologies; the effluent quality of MBRs has been found to be sufficient to meet current domestic wastewater reuse standards. However, information has not been reviewed and summarized on the performance (e.g., treatment efficiency and membrane fouling) of MBRs in GW and RW treatment under different conditions, with the influence of different operational parameters, and in combinations with different pretreatment technologies.This chapter first presents an overview of using MBRs to treat GW and RW in terms of treatment performance, affecting parameters and membrane fouling, and then provides a case study on using the combination of a shredded tire biofilter (STB) 382 Membrane Technology and Environmental Applications Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by New York University on 04/11/15.

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“…Collection and treatment of waste laundry water would overcome this problem and also supply an alternative water source for toilet flushing or other applications where fresh/drinking quality water is not necessary. [6] In the literature, a range of treatment systems are suggested with varying complexity and degree of effectiveness. [2,7] Many conventional treatment systems are based on physical separation, e.g., nanofiltration and reverse osmosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%