A laboratory study of metal-resistant sliding-gate tiles

Nikolaev, A. R.; Kortel, A. A.; Karasev, V. P.; Komissarov, V. M.

doi:10.1007/bf01402765

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Thus, this study of the wear on the tiles of a sliding-gate steel-casting s y s t e m has confirmed the results of previous laboratory studies [5,9] and has made it possible to determine the limiting structural changes in the r e f r a c t o r i e s . At the contact between the r e f r a c t o r y and the current of liquid steel, these changes may be c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the fact that the m a s s fraction of the main component of the p e r i c l a s e articles is lowered to 25-30% and that of the corundum to 60-65%.…”

Section: <_ 250~supporting

confidence: 80%

“…The network of c r a c k s which forms is clear in the fragment (a) of specimen 1 (Fig. 2).. With casting on MNLZ, the features of the thermal load in the supporting region lead p r i m a r i l y to the extension of the c r a c k s which have formed in origin to those described in [5] (Fig. 2, fragment b of specimen 2).…”

Section: <_ 250~mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Petrographic studies of the longitudinal section of the chosen specimens were made. It is important that, for this purpose, gates were chosen only after normal casting of melts with the consequent coating of "metal" which would eliminate any contact between the tile and slag.The main features of the service conditions of various parts of the tile have been noted in [5]. A summary of the observations on the character of the wear of the tiles indicates that it differs slightly for the steel cast on MNLZ and in molds in the case of the upper and lower tiles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Wear on periclase and corundum tiles in sliding steel casting gates

1981

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At the present time approximately half of the steel smelted in the USSR is cast through a sliding gate. The high cost and the stringent specifications for the tiles for steel-casting gates has made it necessary to study the wear on these gates in some depth. This problem has already been considered in a few publications [1][2][3][4].The wear on the tiles in the sliding steel-casting gates was determined after the co~monest grades of steel had been cast on MNLZ and in molds. The state of the tiles after casting was evaluated by visual inspection of the dismantled gate. Petrographic studies of the longitudinal section of the chosen specimens were made. It is important that, for this purpose, gates were chosen only after normal casting of melts with the consequent coating of "metal" which would eliminate any contact between the tile and slag.The main features of the service conditions of various parts of the tile have been noted in [5]. A summary of the observations on the character of the wear of the tiles indicates that it differs slightly for the steel cast on MNLZ and in molds in the case of the upper and lower tiles. A diagram of the zones of greatest wear is shown in Fig. 1. The extent of the worn zone on the sliding surface of the tiles is due to the design of the gate; the diameter of the casting channel, the magnitude of the "path" with the jet covered over [6]. When the steel is cast from a steel-casting bucket in molds, the work of the gate consists mainly of covering the channel and when the casting is done on MNLZ, in choking the jet and these differences cause the different wear profiles on the moveable tile for these two cases. The eyternal appearance of the longitudinal section of the tile after casting is shown in Fig. 2.Contact between the melt and the refractory causes the surface of the refractory to heat up to 1600~ in 15-30 sec. Continuous contact between the melt and the bearing region of the sliding surface of the lower tile when casting is done into molds causes gradual heating but for most of the casting, the temperature differences in the surface layer are >-400~ [7]. On the basis of theoretical calculations it has been shown that the thermal-shock resistance of refractory materials can be compared in specimens of the same shape; this is widely used in practical laboratory work and characterizes the thermal-shock resistance, e.g., by the ultimate strength or the ultimate temperature differences [8]. Practical experience shows that the mazimum value of the temperature difference which can be withstood without the destruction of periclase refractories is Fig. 1. Diagram of the wear of tiles in sliding steel-casting gates: A) upper stationary tile; B) lower moveable tile when casting is into a mold; C) lower moveable tile with casting on MNL Z.All-Union Institute of Refractories.

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Section: <_ 250~supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: <_ 250~mentioning

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Wear on periclase and corundum tiles in sliding steel casting gates

1981

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“…The metal resistance of specimens with the coatings determined in molten Armco iron at 1600~ using the known method [9] increases by 18-25% in comparison with the original refractories.…”

Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of plasma spraying in the production of slide gate plates

et al. 1985

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The protection of the working surfaces of refractory parts by the application of coatings is an effective method of increasing the life of refractories under the action of aggressive reactants and makes it possible to use less expensive and more available materials.Especially promising is the use of protective coatings for slide gate plates, in which primarily only the contact surfaces and the steel teeming channel to a comparatively shallow depth are subjected to wear.In recent years plasma spraying has obtained wide use. Its advantages include the possibility of spraying practically any materials on various bases including large ones, the comparatively low heating of the sprayed part, mechanization and automation of the process, simplicity of servicing of the equipment, and its high productivity [i]. The formation of the plasma coating as the result of rapid hardening of the individual molten particles deformed in impact on the base determines the stratification and controllable porosity and from this the high thermal insulation properties, elasticity, and thermal shock resistance of the coatings [2]. Therefore the interest in plasma coatings based on highly refractory oxides from the point of view of their use as protective layers on refractories is understandable.In contrast to the large number of publications devoted both to the techniques and technology of plasma spraying in general and to the properties of plasma coatings on parts of metals and graphite, there is only individual unsystematized information on the applicatian of plasma coatings on refractories (magnesite--chromite roof parts, chamotte parts for glassforming machines, slide gate plates, etc.) noting the promise of this direction [3][4][5].This determined the necessity of conducting a cycle of comprehensive investigations of plasma treatment of refractories, which were conducted by the State Institute for the Design of Nickel Industry Plants and the All-Union Institute for Refractories.This article presents theresults of investigations of the production of slide gate plates with the use of plasma spraying.The determination of the possibility in principle of application of protective coatings on the plates and development of the spraying conditions were done on a unit built in the State Institute for the Design of Nickel Industry Plants.The unit, the structural plan of which is shown in Fig. i, includes the plasmotron 1 connected through the manifold 2 with the electrical, gas, and water supply systems and also the feeder 3 for supplying the powder.The working tool determining all of the parameters of application of the coatings is the plasmoton.A comparative analysis of the capa-

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“…This article deals with the action of rimmed steels on periclase and corundum refractories. * * The investigation procedure was described in [1]. • 40.…”

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Interaction of periclase and corundum refractories with iron and iron-manganese melts

et al. 1980

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With six to seven melts per day and a lining t e m p e r a t u r e of not less than 600~ w e a r takes place by fusion of the working zone, not by cracking, as noted above. In this connection the lining structure is monolithic with a glazed surface. With this intensity of operation the variation of the lining wear is determined by the chemical composition of the stag.With six to seven melts per day (_46% of the campaigns) the ladle lining durability after hot patching was 28 melts, with a maximum of 37 melts, as compared with 17.1 for ladles without hot patching and from one to two melts per day. Thus the use of a r e f r a c t o r y dressing for patching local sectors of wear reduces the number of intermediate maintenance operations.Over a test period of 2 months with 1.58 hot patchings per ladle campaign, the durability was increased on average from 19.1 to 23.3 melts, with a r e f r a c t o r y consumption of 5.4 kg/tou of steel as against 6.3 kg/ton without hot patchings. Figure 3 shows the variation of the lining durability over a period of years. CONCLUSIONSThe use of 70-75% of silica artifacts to line steel-teeming ladles, accompanied by routine hot patchings, has permitted an increase in the lining durability by from four to five melts.With an increase in the ladle throughput from 1-2 to 6-7 melts per day, accompanied by hot patchings, the maximal lining durability was 37 melts (average 28 melts) and the refractory consumption was reduced by 2.1 kg/ton of steel.The saving obtained by the use of a silica lining was 332,200 rubles. INTERACTIONOF PERICLASE AND CORUNDUM REFRACTORIES WITH IRON AND IRON--MANGANESE MELTS

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A laboratory study of metal-resistant sliding-gate tiles

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Wear on periclase and corundum tiles in sliding steel casting gates

Wear on periclase and corundum tiles in sliding steel casting gates

Use of plasma spraying in the production of slide gate plates

Interaction of periclase and corundum refractories with iron and iron-manganese melts

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